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A

MAZE

IN

ZAZAZA ENTER AZAZAZ

AZAZAZAZAZAZAZZAZAZAZAZAZAZA

ZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZ

THE

MAGICALALPHABET

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA

12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262625242322212019181716151413121110987654321

 

 

A

HISTORY OF GOD

Karen Armstrong 1993

The God of the Mystics

Page 250

"Perhaps the most famous of the early Jewish mystical texts is the fifth century Sefer Yezirah (The Book of Creation). There is no attempt to describe the creative process realistically; the account is unashamedly symbolic and shows God creating the world by means of language as though he were writing a book. But language has been entirely transformed and the message of creation is no longer clear. Each letter of the Hebrew alphabet is given a numerical value; by combining the letters with the sacred numbers, rearranging them in endless configurations, the mystic weaned his mind away from the normal connotations of words."

 

 

THERE IS NO ATTEMPT MADE TO DESCRIBE THE CREATIVE PROCESS REALISTICALLY

THE ACCOUNT IS SYMBOLIC AND SHOWS GOD CREATING THE WORLD BY MEANS OF LANGUAGE

AS THOUGH WRITING A BOOK BUT LANGUAGE ENTIRELY TRANSFORMED

THE MESSAGE OF CREATION IS CLEAR EACH LETTER OF

THE

ALPHABET

IS

GIVEN

A

NUMERICAL

VALUE BY COMBINING THE LETTERS WITH THE SACRED NUMBERS

REARRANGING THEM IN ENDLESS CONFIGURATIONS

THE MYSTIC WEANED THE MIND AWAY FROM THE NORMAL CONNOTATIONS OF WORDS

 

 

THE LIGHT IS RISING RISING IS THE LIGHT

 

 

2
IS
28
10
1
9
UNIVERSAL
121
40
4
4
MIND
40
22
4
3
THE
33
15
6
4
MIND
40
22
4
2
OF
21
12
3
9
HUMANKIND
95
41
5
33
First Total
378
162
27
3+3
Add to Reduce
3+7+8
1+6+2
2+7
6
Second Total
18
9
9
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+8
-
-
6
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

9
UNIVERSAL
121
40
4
4
MIND
40
22
4
2
IS
28
10
1
3
THE
33
15
6
4
MIND
40
22
4
2
OF
21
12
3
9
HUMANKIND
95
41
5
33
First Total
378
162
27
3+3
Add to Reduce
3+7+8
1+6+2
2+7
6
Second Total
18
9
9
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+8
-
-
6
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

E
=
5
-
2
EX
11
2
2
U
=
3
-
6
UMBRIS
82
28
1
E
=
5
-
2
ET
25
7
7
I
=
9
-
10
IMAGINIBUS
104
50
5
I
=
9
-
2
IN
23
14
5
V
=
4
-
9
VERITATEM
113
41
5
-
-
35
-
31
First Total
358
142
25
-
-
3+5
-
3+1
Add to Reduce
3+5+8
1+4+2
2+5
-
-
8
-
4
Second Total
16
7
7
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+6
-
-
-
-
8
-
4
Essence of Number
7
7
7

 

 

O
=
6
-
3
OUT
56
11
2
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
S
=
1
-
7
SHADOWS
89
26
8
A
=
1
-
3
AND
82
28
1
P
=
7
-
9
PHANTASMS
111
30
3
I
=
9
-
4
INTO
58
22
4
T
=
2
-
5
TRUTH
87
24
6
-
-
32
-
33
Add to Reduce
441
135
27
-
-
3+2
-
3+3
Reduce to Deduce
4+4+1
1+3+5
2+7
-
-
5
-
6
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

THIS IS THE SCENE OF THE SCENE UNSEEN

THE UNSEEN SEEN OF THE SCENE UNSEEN THIS IS THE SCENE

 

3
THE
33
15
6
4
MIND
40
22
4
2
OF
21
12
3
9
HUMANKIND
95
41
5
18
First Total
189
90
18
1+8
Add to Reduce
1+8+9
9+0
1+8
9
Second Total
18
9
9
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+8
-
-
9
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

THE

FAR YONDER SCRIBE

AND OFT TIMES SHADOWED SUBSTANCES WATCHED IN FINE AMAZE

THE

ZED ALIZ ZED

IN

SWIFT REPEAT SCATTER STAR DUST AMONGST THE LETTERS OF THEIR PROGRESS

 

 

NUMBER

9

THE SEARCH FOR THE SIGMA CODE

Cecil Balmond 1998

Cycles and Patterns

Page 165

Patterns

"The essence of mathematics is to look for patterns.

Our minds seem to be organised to search for relationships and sequences. We look for hidden orders.

These intuitions seem to be more important than the facts themselves, for there is always the thrill at finding something, a pattern, it is a discovery - what was unknown is now revealed. Imagine looking up at the stars and finding the zodiac!

Searching out patterns is a pure delight.

Suddenly the counters fall into place and a connection is found, not necessarily a geometric one, but a relationship between numbers, pictures of the mind, that were not obvious before. There is that excitement of finding order in something that was otherwise hidden.

And there is the knowledge that a huge unseen world lurks behind the facades we see of the numbers themselves."

 

 

FINGERPRINTS OF THE GODS

A QUEST FOR THE BEGINNING AND THE END

Graham Hancock 1995

Chapter 32

Speaking to the Unborn

Page 285

"It is understandable that a huge range of myths from all over the ancient world should describe geological catastrophes in graphic detail. Mankind survived the horror of the last Ice Age, and the most plausible source for our enduring traditions of flooding and freezing, massive volcanism and devastating earthquakes is in the tumultuous upheavals unleashed during the great meltdown of 15,000 to 8000 BC. The final retreat of the ice sheets, and the consequent 300-400 foot rise in global sea levels, took place only a few thousand years before the beginning of the historical period. It is therefore not surprising that all our early civilizations should have retained vivid memories of the vast cataclysms that had terrified their forefathers.
Much harder to explain is the peculiar but distinctive way the myths of cataclysm seem to bear the intelligent imprint of a guiding hand.l Indeed the degree of convergence between such ancient stories is frequently remarkable enough to raise the suspicion that they must all have been 'written' by the same 'author'.
Could that author have had anything to do with the wondrous deity, or superhuman, spoken of in so many of the myths we have reviewed, who appears immediately after the world has been shattered by a horrifying geological catastrophe and brings comfort and the gifts of civilization to the shocked and demoralized survivors?
White and bearded, Osiris is the Egyptian manifestation of this / Page 286 / universal figure, and it may not be an accident that one of the first acts he is remembered for in myth is the abolition of cannibalism among the primitive inhabitants of the Nile Valley.2 Viracocha, in South America, was said to have begun his civilizing mission immediately after a great flood; Quetzalcoatl, the discoverer of maize, brought the benefits of crops, mathematics, astronomy and a refined culture to Mexico after the Fourth Sun had been overwhelmed by a destroying deluge.
Could these strange myths contain a record of encounters between scattered palaeolithic tribes which survived the last Ice Age and an as yet unidentified high civilization which passed through the same epoch?
And could the myths be attempts to communicate?

A message in the bottle of time"

'Of all the other stupendous inventions,' Galileo once remarked,

what sublimity of mind must have been his who conceived how to communicate his most secret thoughts to any other person, though very distant either in time or place, speaking with those who are in the Indies, speaking to those who are not yet born, nor shall be this thousand or ten thousand years? And with no greater difficulty than the various arrangements of two dozen little signs on paper? Let this be the seal of all the admirable inventions of men.3

If the 'precessional message' identified by scholars like Santillana, von Dechend and Jane Sellers is indeed a deliberate attempt at communication by some lost civilization of antiquity, how come it wasn't just written down and left for us to find? Wouldn't that have been easier than encoding it in myths? Perhaps.
Nevertheless, suppose that whatever the message was written on got destroyed or worn away after many thousands of years? Or suppose that the language in which it was inscribed was later forgotten utterly (like the enigmatic Indus Valley script, which has been studied closely for more than half a century but has so far resisted all attempts at decoding)? It must be obvious that in such circumstances a written / Page 287 / legacy to the future would be of no value at all, because nobody would be able to make sense of it.
What one would look for, therefore, would be a universal language, the kind of language that would be comprehensible to any technologically advanced society in any epoch, even a thousand or ten thousand years into the future. Such languages are few and far between, but mathematics is one of them - and the city of Teotihuacan may be the calling-card of a lost civilization written in the eternal language of mathematics.
Geodetic data, related to the exact positioning of fixed geographical points and to the shape and size of the earth, would also remain valid and recognizable for tens of thousands of years, and might be most conveniently expressed by means of cartography (or in the construction of giant geodetic monuments like the Great Pyramid of Egypt, as we shall see).
Another 'constant' in our solar system is the language of time: the great but regular intervals of time calibrated by the inch-worm creep of precessional motion. Now, or ten thousand years in the future, a message that prints out numbers like 72 or 2160 or 4320 or 25,920 should be instantly intelligible to any civilization that has evolved a modest talent for mathematics and the ability to detect and measure the almost imperceptible reverse wobble that the sun appears to make along the ecliptic against the background of the fixed stars..."

"What one would look for, therefore, would be a universal language, the kind of language that would be comprehensible to any technologically advanced society in any epoch, even a thousand or ten thousand years into the future. Such languages are few and far between, but mathematics is one of them"

"WRITTEN IN THE ETERNAL LANGUAGE OF MATHEMATICS"

 

 

THE LIGHT IS RISING NOW RISING IS THE LIGHT

 

 

I
=
9
-
1
I
9
9
9
-
-
S
=
1
-
3
SEE
29
11
2
-
2
I
=
9
-
2
IT
29
11
2
-
2
A
=
1
-
3
ALL
25
7
7
-
7
N
=
5
-
3
NOW
52
16
7
-
7
S
=
1
-
4
SAID
33
15
6
-
6
T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
-
6
B
=
2
-
5
BLIND
41
23
5
-
-
M
=
4
-
3
MAN
28
10
1
-
-
-
-
34
4
27
First
279
117
45
4
30
-
-
3+4
-
2+7
Add
2+7+9
1+1+7
4+5
-
3+0
-
-
7
-
9
Second
18
9
9
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce
1+8
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
9
Essence
9
9
9
-
3

 

 

W
=
5
-
4
WHAT
52
16
7
O
=
6
-
3
ONE
34
16
7
W
=
5
-
5
WOULD
75
21
3
L
=
3
-
4
LOOK
53
17
8
F
=
6
-
3
FOR
30
21
3
T
=
2
-
9
THEREFORE
100
46
1
W
=
5
-
5
WOULD
75
21
3
B
=
2
-
2
BE
7
7
7
A
=
1
-
1
A
1
1
1
U
=
3
-
9
UNIVERSAL
121
40
4
L
=
3
-
8
LANGUAGE
68
32
5
-
-
41
4
53
First Total
616
238
49
-
-
4+1
-
5+3
Add to Reduce
6+1+6
2+3+8
4+9
-
-
5
-
8
Second Total
13
13
13
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+3
1+3
1+3
-
-
5
-
8
Essence of Number
4
4
4

 

 

T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
K
=
2
-
4
KIND
38
20
2
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
L
=
3
-
8
LANGUAGE
68
32
5
T
=
2
-
4
THAT
49
13
4
W
=
5
-
5
WOULD
75
21
3
B
=
2
-
2
BE
7
7
7
C
=
3
-
14
COMPREHENSIBLE
144
72
9
T
=
2
-
2
TO
35
8
8
A
=
1
-
3
ANY
40
13
4
T
=
2
-
15
TECHNOLOGICALLY
161
71
8
A
=
1
-
2
ADVANCED
54
27
9
S
=
1
-
7
SOCIETY
96
33
6
I
=
9
-
2
IN
23
14
5
A
=
1
-
3
ANY
40
13
4
E
=
5
-
5
EPOCH
47
29
2
-
-
47
4
81
First Total
931
400
85
-
-
4+7
-
8+1
Add to Reduce
9+3+1
4+0+0
8+5
-
-
11
-
9
Second Total
13
4
13
-
-
1+5
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+3
-
1+3
-
-
2
-
9
Essence of Number
4
4
4

 

 

S
=
1
-
4
SUCH
51
15
6
L
=
3
-
9
LANGUAGES
87
33
6
A
=
1
-
3
ARE
24
15
6
F
=
6
-
3
FEW
34
16
7
A
=
1
-
3
AND
19
10
1
F
=
6
-
3
FAR
25
16
7
B
=
2
-
7
BETWEEN
74
29
2
B
=
2
-
3
BUT
43
7
7
M
=
4
-
11
MATHEMATICS
112
40
4
I
=
9
-
2
IS
28
10
1
O
=
6
-
3
ONE
34
16
7
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
T
=
2
-
4
THEM
46
19
1
-
-
49
4
57
First Total
598
238
58
-
-
4+9
-
5+7
Add to Reduce
5+9+8
2+3+8
5+8
-
-
13
-
12
Second Total
22
13
13
-
-
1+3
-
1+2
Reduce to Deduce
2+2
1+3
1+3
-
-
3
-
3
Essence of Number
4
4
4

 

 

A
=
1
-
1
A
1
1
1
L
=
3
-
8
LANGUAGE
68
32
5
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
L
=
3
-
7
LETTERS
99
27
9
A
=
1
-
3
AND
19
10
1
N
=
5
-
7
NUMBERS
73
28
1
-
-
19
4
28
First Total
299
110
20
-
-
1+9
-
2+8
Add to Reduce
2+9+9
1+1+0
2+0
-
-
10
-
10
Second Total
20
2
2
-
-
1+0
-
1+0
Reduce to Deduce
2+0
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
Essence of Number
2
2
2

 

MATHEMATICS A LANGUAGE OF LETTERS AND NUMBERS

 

W
=
5
-
4
WHAT
52
16
7
O
=
6
-
3
ONE
34
16
7
W
=
5
-
5
WOULD
75
21
3
L
=
3
-
4
LOOK
53
17
8
F
=
6
-
3
FOR
30
21
3
T
=
2
-
9
THEREFORE
100
46
1
W
=
5
-
5
WOULD
75
21
3
B
=
2
-
2
BE
7
7
7
A
=
1
-
1
A
1
1
1
U
=
3
-
9
UNIVERSAL
121
40
4
L
=
3
-
8
LANGUAGE
68
32
5
-
-
41
4
53
-
616
238
49
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
K
=
2
-
4
KIND
38
20
2
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
L
=
3
-
8
LANGUAGE
68
32
5
C
=
3
-
4
THAT
144
72
9
T
=
2
-
5
WOULD
35
8
8
A
=
1
-
2
BE
40
13
4
T
=
2
-
14
COMPREHENSIBLE
161
71
8
A
=
1
-
2
TO
54
27
9
S
=
1
-
3
ANY
96
33
6
I
=
9
-
15
TECHNOLOGICALLY
23
14
5
A
=
1
-
2
ADVANCED
40
13
4
E
=
5
-
7
SOCIETY
48
29
2
T
=
2
-
2
IN
49
13
4
W
=
5
-
3
ANY
75
21
3
B
=
2
-
5
EPOCH
7
7
7
-
-
47
4
81
-
931
400
85
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
S
=
1
-
4
SUCH
51
15
6
L
=
3
-
9
LANGUAGES
87
33
6
A
=
1
-
3
ARE
24
15
6
F
=
6
-
3
FEW
34
16
7
A
=
1
-
3
AND
19
10
1
F
=
6
-
3
FAR
25
16
7
B
=
2
-
7
BETWEEN
74
29
2
B
=
2
-
3
BUT
43
7
7
M
=
4
-
11
MATHEMATICS
112
40
4
I
=
9
-
2
IS
28
10
1
O
=
6
-
3
ONE
34
16
7
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
T
=
2
-
4
THEM
46
19
1
-
-
49
4
57
-
598
238
58
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
A
=
1
-
1
A
1
1
1
L
=
3
-
8
LANGUAGE
68
32
5
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
L
=
3
-
7
LETTERS
99
27
9
A
=
1
-
3
AND
19
10
1
N
=
5
-
7
NUMBERS
73
28
1
-
-
19
4
28
-
299
110
20
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
156
-
219
First Total
2444
986
212
-
-
1+5+6
-
2+1+9
Add to Reduce
2+4+4+4
9+8+6
2+1+2
-
-
12
-
12
Second Total
14
23
5
-
-
1+2
-
1+2
Reduce to Deduce
1+4
2+3
-
-
-
3
-
3
Essence of Number
5
5
5

 

MATHEMATICS A LANGUAGE OF LETTER AND NUMBER

 

A
=
1
-
1
A
1
1
1
L
=
3
-
8
LANGUAGE
68
32
5
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
L
=
3
-
6
LETTER
80
26
8
A
=
1
-
3
AND
19
10
1
N
=
5
-
6
NUMBER
73
28
1
S
-
19
4
26
First Total
261
108
18
-
-
1+9
-
2+6
Add to Reduce
2+6+1
1+0+8
1+8
-
-
10
-
8
Second Total
9
9
9
-
-
1+0
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
8
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

0
-
Z
=
8
-
4
ZERO
64
28
1
1
-
O
=
6
-
3
ONE
34
16
7
2
-
T
=
2
-
3
TWO
58
13
4
3
-
T
=
2
-
5
THREE
56
29
2
4
-
F
=
6
-
4
FOUR
60
24
6
5
-
F
=
6
-
4
FIVE
42
24
6
6
-
S
=
1
-
3
SIX
52
16
7
7
-
S
=
1
-
5
SEVEN
65
20
2
8
-
E
=
5
-
5
EIGHT
49
31
4
9
-
N
=
5
-
4
NINE
42
24
6
45
-
-
-
42
-
40
Add
522
225
45
4+5
-
-
-
4+2
-
4+0
Reduce
5+2+2
2+2+5
4+5
9
-
-
-
6
-
4
Deduce
9
9
9

 

 

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0
-
Z
=
8
-
4
ZERO
64
28
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
O
=
6
-
3
ONE
34
16
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
2
-
T
=
2
-
3
TWO
58
13
4
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
T
=
2
-
5
THREE
56
29
2
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
F
=
6
-
4
FOUR
60
24
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
5
-
F
=
6
-
4
FIVE
42
24
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
6
-
S
=
1
-
3
SIX
52
16
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
7
-
S
=
1
-
5
SEVEN
65
20
2
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
E
=
5
-
5
EIGHT
49
31
4
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
N
=
5
-
4
NINE
42
24
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
45
-
-
-
42
-
40
Add
522
225
45
-
1
4
3
8
5
18
14
8
9
4+5
-
-
-
4+2
-
4+0
Reduce
5+2+2
2+2+5
4+5
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+8
1+4
-
-
9
-
-
-
6
-
4
Deduce
9
9
9
-
1
4
3
8
5
9
5
8
9

 

 

1
-
O
=
6
-
3
ONE
34
16
7
2
-
T
=
2
-
3
TWO
58
13
4
3
-
T
=
2
-
5
THREE
56
29
2
4
-
F
=
6
-
4
FOUR
60
24
6
5
-
F
=
6
-
4
FIVE
42
24
6
6
-
S
=
1
-
3
SIX
52
16
7
7
-
S
=
1
-
5
SEVEN
65
20
2
8
-
E
=
5
-
5
EIGHT
49
31
4
9
-
N
=
5
-
4
NINE
42
24
6
45
-
-
-
34
-
36
Add
458
197
44
4+5
-
-
-
3+4
-
3+6
Reduce
4+5+8
1+9+7
4+4
9
-
-
-
7
4
9
Deduce
17
17
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Produce
1+7
1+7
-
9
-
-
-
7
-
9
Essence
8
8
8

 

 

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
O
=
6
-
3
ONE
34
16
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
2
-
T
=
2
-
3
TWO
58
13
4
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
T
=
2
-
5
THREE
56
29
2
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
F
=
6
-
4
FOUR
60
24
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
5
-
F
=
6
-
4
FIVE
42
24
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
6
-
S
=
1
-
3
SIX
52
16
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
7
-
S
=
1
-
5
SEVEN
65
20
2
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
E
=
5
-
5
EIGHT
49
31
4
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
N
=
5
-
4
NINE
42
24
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
45
-
-
-
34
-
36
Add
458
197
44
-
1
4
3
8
5
18
14
8
9
4+5
-
-
-
3+4
-
3+6
Reduce
4+5+8
1+9+7
4+4
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+8
1+4
-
-
9
-
-
-
7
4
9
Deduce
17
17
8
-
1
4
3
8
5
18
14
8
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Produce
1+7
1+7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
7
-
9
Essence
8
8
8
-
1
4
3
8
5
9
5
8
9

 

 

0
-
4
ZERO
8
5
9
6
-
=
28
2+8
=
10
1+0
1
1
-
3
ONE
6
5
5
-
-
=
16
1+6
=
7
-
7
2
-
3
TWO
2
5
6
-
-
=
13
1+3
=
4
-
4
3
-
5
THREE
2
8
9
5
5
=
29
2+9
=
11
1+1
2
4
-
4
FOUR
6
6
3
9
-
=
24
2+4
=
6
-
6
5
-
4
FIVE
6
9
4
5
-
=
24
2+4
=
6
-
6
6
-
3
SIX
1
9
6
-
-
=
16
1+6
=
7
-
7
7
-
5
SEVEN
1
5
4
5
5
=
20
2+0
=
2
-
2
8
-
5
EIGHT
5
9
7
8
2
=
31
3+1
=
4
-
4
9
-
4
NINE
5
9
5
5
-
=
24
2+4
=
6
-
6
45
-
40
Add
42
70
58
43
12
-
225
-
-
63
-
45
4+5
-
4+0
-
4+2
7+0
5+8
4+3
1+2
-
2+2+5
-
-
6+3
-
4+5
9
-
4
Reduce
6
7
13
7
3
-
9
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
4
Deduce
6
7
4
7
3
-
9
-
-
9
-
9

 

 

 

The Upside Down of the Downside Up

 

 

THE DEATH OF GODS IN ANCIENT EGYPT

Jane B. Sellars 1992

Page 204

"The overwhelming awe that accompanies the realization, of the measurable orderliness of the universe strikes modern man as well. Admiral Weiland E. Byrd, alone In the Antarctic for five months of polar darkness, wrote these phrases of intense feeling:

Here were the imponderable processes and forces of the cosmos, harmonious and soundless. Harmony, that was it! I could feel no doubt of oneness with the universe. The conviction came that the rhythm was too orderly. too harmonious, too perfect to be a product of blind chance - that, therefore there must be purpose in the whole and that man was part of that whole and not an accidental offshoot. It was a feeling that transcended reason; that went to the heart of man's despair and found it groundless. The universe was a cosmos, not a chaos; man was as rightfully a part of that cosmos as were the day and night.10

Returning to the account of the story of Osiris, son of Cronos god of' Measurable Time, Plutarch takes, pains to remind the reader of the original Egyptian year consisting of 360 days.

Phrases are used that prompt simple mental. calculations and an attention to numbers, for example, the 360-day year is described as being '12 months of 30 days each'. Then we are told that, Osiris leaves on a long journey, during which Seth, his evil brother, plots with 72 companions to slay Osiris: He also secretly obtained the measure of Osiris and made ready a chest in which to entrap him.

The, interesting thing about this part of the-account is that nowhere in the original texts of the Egyptians are we told that Seth, has 72 companions. We have already been encouraged to equate Osiris with the concept of measured time; his father being Cronos. It is also an observable fact that Cronos-Saturn has the longest sidereal period of the known planets at that time, an orbit. of 30 years. Saturn is absent from a specific constellation for that length of time.

A simple mathematical fact has been revealed to any that are even remotely sensitive to numbers: if you multiply 72 by 30, the years of Saturn's absence (and the mention of Osiris's absence prompts one to recall this other), the resulting product is 2,160: the number of years required, for one 30° shift, or a shift: through one complete sign of the zodiac. This number multplied by the /Page205 / 12 signs also gives 25,920. (And Plutarch has reminded us of 12)

If you multiply the unusual number 72 by 360, a number that Plutarch mentions several times, the product will be 25,920, again the number of years symbolizing the ultimate rebirth.

This 'Eternal Return' is the return of, say, Taurus to the position of marking the vernal equinox by 'riding in the solar bark with. Re' after having relinquished this honoured position to Aries, and subsequently to the to other zodiacal constellations.

Such a return after 25,920 years is indeed a revisit to a Golden Age, golden not only because of a remarkable symmetry In the heavens, but golden because it existed before the Egyptians experienced heaven's changeability.

But now to inform the reader of a fact he or she may already know. Hipparaus did: not really have the exact figures: he was a trifle off in his observations and calculations. In his published work, On the Displacement of the Solstitial and Equinoctial Signs, he gave figures of 45" to 46" a year, while the truer precessional lag along the ecliptic is about 50 seconds. The exact measurement for the lag, based on the correct annual lag of 50'274" is 1° in 71.6 years, or 360° in 25,776 years, only 144 years less than the figure of 25,920.

With Hipparchus's incorrect figures a 'Great Year' takes from 28,173.9 to 28,800 years, Incorrect by a difference of from 2,397.9 years to 3,024.

Since Nicholas Copernicus (AD 1473-1543) has always been credited with giving the correct numbers (although Arabic astronomer Nasir al-Din Tusi,11 born AD 1201, is known to have fixed the Precession at 50°), we may correctly ask, and with justifiable astonishment 'Just whose information was Plutarch transmitting'

AN IMPORTANT POSTSCRIPT

Of course, using our own notational system, all the important numbers have digits that reduce to that amazing number 9 a number that has always delighted budding mathematician.

Page 206

Somewhere along the way, according to Robert Graves, 9 became the number of lunar wisdom.12

This number is found often in the mythologies of the world. the Viking god Odin hung for nine days and nights on the World Tree in order to acquire the secret of the runes, those magic symbols out of which writing and numbers grew. Only a terrible sacrifice would give away this secret, which conveyed upon its owner power and dominion over all, so Odin hung from his neck those long 9 days and nights over the 'bottomless abyss'. In the tree were 9 worlds, and another god was said to have been born of 9 mothers.

Robert Graves, in his White Goddess, Is intrigued by the seemingly recurring quality of the number 72 in early myth and ritual. Graves tells his reader that 72 is always connected with the number 5, which reflects, among other things, the five Celtic dialects that he was investigating. Of course, 5 x 72= 360, 360 x 72= 25,920. Five is also the number of the planets known to the ancient world, that is, Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Venus Mercury.

Graves suggests a religious mystery bound up with two ancient Celtic 'Tree Alphabets' or cipher alphabets, which as genuine articles of Druidism were orally preserved and transmitted for centuries. He argues convincingly that the ancient poetry of Europe was ultimately based on what its composers believed to be magical principles, the rudiments of which formed a close religious secret for centuries. In time these were-garbled, discredited and forgotten.

Among the many signs of the transmission of special numbers he points out that the aggregate number of letter strokes for the complete 22-letter Ogham alphabet that he is studying is 72 and that this number is the multiple of 9, 'the number of lunar wisdom'. . . . he then mentions something about 'the seventy day season during which Venus moves successively from. maximum eastern elongation 'to inferior conjunction and maximum western elongation'.13

Page 207

"...Feniusa Farsa, Graves equates this hero with Dionysus Farsa has 72 assistants who helped him master the 72 languages created at the confusion of Babel, the tower of which is said to be built of 9 different materials

We are also reminded of the miraculous translation into Greek of the Five Books of Moses that was done by 72 scholars working for 72 days, Although the symbol for the Septuagint is LXX, legend, according to the fictional letter of Aristeas, records 72. The translation was done for Ptolemy Philadelphus (c.250 BC), by Hellenistic Jews, possibly from Alexandra.14

Graves did not know why this number was necessary, but he points out that he understands Frazer's Golden Bough to be a a book hinting that 'the secret involves the truth that the Christian dogma, and rituals, are the refinement of a great body of primitive beliefs, and that the only original element in Christianity- is the personality of Christ.15

Frances A. Yates, historian of Renaissance hermetisma tells, us the cabala had 72 angels through which the sephiroth (the powers of God) are believed to be approached, and further, she supplies the information that although the Cabala supplied a set of 48 conclusions purporting to confirm the Christian religion from the foundation of ancient wisdom, Pico Della Mirandola, a Renaissance magus, introduced instead 72, which were his 'own opinion' of the correct number. Yates writes, 'It is no accident there are seventy-two of Pico's Cabalist conclusions, for the conclusion shows that he knew something of the mystery of the Name of God with seventy-two letters.'16

In Hamlet's Mill de Santillarta adds the facts that 432,000 is the number of syllables in the Rig-Veda, which when multiplied by the soss (60) gives 25,920" (The reader is forgiven for a bit of laughter at this point)

Thee Bible has not escaped his pursuit. A prominent Assyriologist of the last century insisted that the total of the years recounted
mounted in Genesis for the lifetimes of patriarchs from the Flood also contained the needed secret numbers. (He showed that in the 1,656.years recounted in the Bible there are 86,400 7 day weeks, and dividing this number yields / Page 208 / 43,200.) In Indian yogic schools it is held that all living beings exhale and inhale 21,600 times a day, .multiply this by 2 and again we have.the necessary 432 digits.

Joseph Campbell discerns the secret in the date set for the coming of Patrick to Ireland. Myth-gives this date-as.- the interest-
ing number of AD.432.18

Whatever one may think-of some of these number coincidences, it becomes. difficult to escape the suspicion that many signs (number and otherwise) -indicate that early man observed the results.. of the movement of Precession . and that the-.transmission of this information was .considered of prime importance.

'With the awareness of the phenomenon, observers would certainly have tried for its measure, and such an endeavour would
have constituted the construction-of a 'Unified Field Theory' for nothing .less than Creation itself. Once determined, it would have been information worthy of secrecy and worthy of the passing on to future adepts.

But one last word about mankind's romance with number coincidences.The antagonist in John Updike's novel, Roger's Version, is a computer hacker, who, convinced.,that scientific evidence of God's existence is accumulating, endeavours to prove it by feeding -all the available scientific information. into a comuter. In his search for God 'breaking, through', he has become fascinated by certain numbers that have continually been cropping up. He explains them excitedly as 'the terms of Creation':

"...after a while I noticed that all over the sheet there seemed to hit these twenty-fours Jumping out at me. Two four; two,four.Planck time, for instance, divided by the radiation constant yields a figure near eight times ten again to the negative twenty-fourth, and the permittivity of free space, or electric constant, into the Bohr radiusekla almost exactly six times ten to the negative twenty-fourth. On positive side, the electromagnetic line-structure constant times Hubble radius - that is, the size of the universe as we now perceive it gives us something quite close to ten to the twenty-fourth, and the strong-force constant times the charge on the proton produces two point four times ten to the negative eighteenth, for another I began to circle twenty-four wherever it appeared on the Printout here' - he held it up. his piece of striped and striped wallpaper, decorated / Page 209 / with a number of scarlet circles - 'you can see it's more than random.'19
This inhabitant of the twentieth century is convinced that the striking occurrences of 2 and 4 reveal the sacred numbers by which God is speaking to us.

So much for any scorn directed to ancient man's fascination with number coincidences. That fascination is alive and well, Just a bit more incomprehensible"

 

 

All about the planets in our Solar System. The nine planets that orbit the sun are (in order from the sun): Mercury,Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, ... www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/astronomy/planets

Our solar system consists of the sun, eight planets, moons, dwarf planets, an asteroid belt, comets, meteors, and others. The sun is the center of our solar system; the planets, their moons, the asteroids, comets, and other rocks and gas all orbit the sun.

The nine planets that orbit the sun are (in order from the sun): Mercury,Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto (a dwarf planet). A belt of asteroids (minor planets made of rock and metal) lies between Mars and Jupiter. These objects all orbit the sun in roughly circular orbits that lie in the same plane, the ecliptic (Pluto is an exception; it has an elliptical orbit tilted over 17° from the ecliptic).

 

-
THE RAINBOW LIGHT
-
-
-
3
THE
33
15
6
7
RAINBOW
82
37
1
5
LIGHT
56
29
2
15
THE RAINBOW LIGHT
171
81
9
1+5
-
1+7+1
8+1
-
6
THE RAINBOW LIGHT
9
9
9

 

 

15
THE RAINBOW LIGHT
-
-
-
-
THE
33
15
6
-
R
18
9
9
-
A
1
1
1
-
I
9
9
9
-
N+B+O+W
54
18
9
-
L
12
3
3
-
I
9
9
9
-
G+H+T
35
17
8
15
THE RAINBOW LIGHT
171
81
54
1+5
-
1+7+1
8+1
5+4
6
THE RAINBOW LIGHT
9
9
9

 

 

THE LIGHT IS RISING NOW RISING IS THE LIGHT

 

 

 

26
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
9
-
-
-
-
5
6
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
6
-
8
+
=
43
4+3
=
7
=
7
=
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
9
-
-
-
-
14
15
-
-
-
19
-
-
-
-
24
-
26
+
=
115
1+1+5
=
7
=
7
=
7
26
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
-
-
1
2
3
4
-
-
7
8
9
-
2
3
4
5
-
7
-
+
=
83
8+3
=
11
1+1
2
=
2
-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
-
-
10
11
12
13
-
-
16
17
18
-
20
21
22
23
-
25
-
+
=
236
2+3+6
=
11
1+1
2
=
2
26
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
+
=
351
3+5+1
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
+
=
126
1+2+6
=
9
=
9
=
9
26
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
1
occurs
x
3
=
3
=
3
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
2
occurs
x
3
=
6
=
6
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
3
occurs
x
3
=
9
=
9
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
+
=
4
occurs
x
3
=
12
1+2
3
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
+
=
5
occurs
x
3
=
15
1+5
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
+
=
6
occurs
x
3
=
18
1+8
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
+
=
7
occurs
x
3
=
21
2+1
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
+
=
8
occurs
x
3
=
24
2+4
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
9
occurs
x
2
=
18
1+8
9
26
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
-
-
45
-
-
26
-
126
-
54
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4+5
-
-
2+6
-
1+2+6
-
5+4
26
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
-
-
9
-
-
8
-
9
-
9
-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
26
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
-
-
9
-
-
8
-
9
-
9

 

 

A
-
J
-
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
1
-
1
-
1
+
=
3
-
=
3
A
-
J
-
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
B
-
K
-
T
-
-
-
-
-
--
2
-
2
-
2
+
=
6
-
=
6
B
-
K
-
T
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
C
-
L
-
U
-
-
-
-
-
--
3
-
3
-
3
+
=
9
-
=
9
C
-
L
-
U
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
D
-
M
-
V
-
-
-
-
-
--
4
-
4
-
4
+
=
12
1+2
=
3
D
-
M
-
V
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
E
-
N
-
W
-
-
-
-
-
--
5
-
5
-
5
+
=
15
1+5
=
6
E
-
N
-
W
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
F
-
O
-
X
-
-
-
-
-
--
6
-
6
-
6
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
F
-
O
-
X
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
G
-
P
-
Y
-
-
-
-
-
--
7
-
7
-
7
+
=
21
2+1
=
3
G
-
P
-
Y
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
H
-
Q
-
Z
-
-
-
-
-
--
8
-
8
-
8
+
=
24
2+4
=
6
H
-
Q
-
Z
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
I
-
R
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
9
-
9
-
-
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
I
-
R
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
126
-
-
54
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+2+6
-
-
5+4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
9

 

 

3
3
-
-
A+B+C
6
6
6
2
-
-
2
D+E
9
9
9
3
3
-
-
F+G+H
21
21
3
1
-
-
1
I
9
9
9
3
3
-
-
J+K+L
33
6
6
2
-
-
2
M+N
27
9
9
2
2
-
-
O+P
31
13
4
3
-
-
3
Q+R+S
54
18
9
3
-
-
3
T+U+V
63
9
9
3
-
-
3
W+X+Y
72
18
9
1
1
-
-
Z
26
8
8
26
12
4
14
Add to Reduce
351
126
81
2+6
1+2
-
1+4
Reduce to Deduce
3+5+1
1+2+6
8+1
8
3
-
5
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

3
A+B+C
6
6
6
-
D+E
-
-
-
3
F+G+H
21
21
3
-
I
-
-
-
3
J+K+L
33
6
6
-
M+N
-
-
-
2
O+P
31
13
4
-
Q+R+S
-
-
-
-
T+U+V
-
-
-
-
W+X+Y
-
-
-
1
Z
26
8
8
12
Add to Reduce
117
54
27
2+6
Reduce to Deduce
1+1+7
5+4
2+7
8
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

-
A+B+C
-
-
-
2
D+E
9
9
9
-
F+G+H
-
-
-
1
I
9
9
9
-
J+K+L
-
-
-
2
M+N
27
9
9
-
O+P
-
-
-
3
Q+R+S
54
18
9
3
T+U+V
63
9
9
3
W+X+Y
72
18
9
-
Z
-
-
-
14
Add to Reduce
234
72
54
1+4
Reduce to Deduce
2+3+4
7+2
5+4
5
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

I

ME

LIVING

MAGNETISM

POSITIVE + NEGATIVE

ISISIS MAAT IS IS MAAT ISISIS

I AM THAT EYE THAT EYE THAT AM I

I AM DROWNING ALWAYS DROWNING AM I

HAIL THE JEWEL AT THE CENTRE OF THE LOTUS

1818 ZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZ 8181

ONE EIGHT THREE SIX 1836 ISISIS 6381 SIX THREE EIGHT ONE

X X X 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 X X X 9 + 8 + 7 + 6 + 5 + 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 X X X

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ 9 9 9 ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA

ISISIS LOVE LOVE ISISIS ISISIS LIGHT 999 LOVE 999 LIGHT SISISI SISISI LOVE LOVE ISISIS

 

 

THE

TIME IS COMING AND NOW IS

 

 

-
THE SOLAR SYSTEM
-
-
-
3
THE
33
15
6
5
SOLAR
65
29
2
6
SYSTEM
101
38
2
14
THE SOLAR SYSTEM
199
82
10
1+4
-
1+9+9
8+2
1+0
5
THE SOLAR SYSTEM
19
10
1
-
-
1+9
1+0
-
5
THE SOLAR SYSTEM
10
1
1
-
-
1+0
-
-
5
THE SOLAR SYSTEM
1
1
1

 

 

S
=
1
-
3
SUN
54
9
9
M
=
4
-
7
MERCURY
103
40
4
V
=
4
-
5
VENUS
81
18
9
E
=
5
-
5
EARTH
52
25
7
M
=
4
-
4
MOON
57
21
3
M
=
4
-
4
MARS
51
15
6
J
=
1
-
7
JUPITER
99
36
9
S
=
1
-
6
SATURN
93
21
3
U
=
3
-
6
URANUS
94
22
4
N
=
5
-
7
NEPTUNE
95
32
5
P
=
7
-
5
PLUTO
84
21
3
-
-
39
4
59
First Total
863
260
62
-
-
3+9
-
5+9
Add to Reduce
8+6+3
2+6+0
6+2
-
-
12
-
16
Second Total
17
8
8
-
-
1+2
-
1+6
Reduce to Deduce
1+7
-
-
-
3
-
7
Essence of Number
8
8
8

 

 

Z
=
8
-
4
ZERO
64
28
1
+
-
+
-
+
+
+
+
+
S
=
1
-
3
SUN
54
9
9
M
=
4
-
7
MERCURY
103
40
4
V
=
4
-
5
VENUS
81
18
9
E
=
5
-
5
EARTH
52
25
7
M
=
4
-
4
MOON
57
21
3
M
=
4
-
4
MARS
51
15
6
J
=
1
-
7
JUPITER
99
36
9
S
=
1
-
6
SATURN
93
21
3
U
=
3
-
6
URANUS
94
22
4
N
=
5
-
7
NEPTUNE
95
32
5
P
=
7
-
5
PLUTO
84
21
3
-
-
47
4
63
First Total
927
288
63
-
-
4+7
-
6+3
Add to Reduce
9+2+7
2+8+8
6+3
-
-
11
-
9
Second Total
18
18
9
-
-
1+1
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+8
1+8
-
-
2
-
9
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

S
=
1
-
3
SUN
54
9
9
E
=
5
-
5
EARTH
52
25
7
M
=
4
-
4
MOON
57
21
3
-
-
10
-
12
First Total
163
55
19
-
-
1+0
-
1+2
Add to Reduce
1+6+3
5+5
1+9
-
-
1
-
3
Second Total
10
10
10
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+0
1+0
1+0
-
-
1
-
3
Essence of Number
1
1
1

 

 

A
=
1
-
1
A
1
1
1
M
=
4
-
10
MANIFESTLY
124
43
7
A
=
1
-
10
ARTIFICIAL
88
52
7
S
=
1
-
6
SIGNAL
62
26
8
E
=
5
-
4
EVEN
46
19
1
I
=
9
-
2
IF
15
15
6
I
=
9
-
2
IT
29
11
2
W
=
5
-
4
WERE
51
24
6
A
=
1
-
2
AS
20
2
2
B
=
2
-
6
BORING
65
38
2
A
=
1
-
2
AS
20
2
2
L
=
3
-
5
LISTS
79
16
7
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
P
=
7
-
5
PRIME
61
34
7
N
=
5
-
7
NUMBERS
92
29
2
-
-
60
Q
68
First Total
774
324
63
-
-
6+0
-
6+8
Add to Reduce
7+7+4
3+2+4
6+3
-
-
6
-
14
Second Total
18
18
18
-
-
-
-
1+4
Reduce to Deduce
1+8
1+8
1+8
-
-
6
-
5
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

O
=
6
-
2
OR
33
15
6
T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
D
=
4
-
6
DIGITS
68
32
5
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
P
=
7
-
2
PI
25
16
7
S
-
25
4
15
Add to Reduce
180
90
27
-
-
2+5
-``
1+5
Reduce to Deduce
1+8+0
9+0
2+7
S
-
7
4
6
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

W
=
5
-
5
WOULD
75
21
3
I
=
9
-
5
IMPLY
75
30
3
T
=
2
-
4
THAT
49
13
4
I
=
9
-
12
INTELLIGENCE
115
61
7
W
=
5
-
5
WASNT
77
14
5
U
=
3
-
6
UNIQUE
87
33
6
T
=
2
-
2
TO
35
8
8
T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
E
=
5
-
5
EARTH
52
25
7
-
-
42
Q
47
First Total
598
220
49
-
-
4+2
-
4+7
Add to Reduce
5+9+8
2+2+0
4+9
-
-
6
-
11
Second Total
22
4
13
-
-
-
-
1+1
Reduce to Deduce
2+2
-
1+3
-
-
6
-
2
Essence of Number
4
4
2

 

 

A
=
1
-
4
ABLE
20
11
2
A
=
1
-
3
AND
19
10
1
M
=
4
-
9
MOTIVATED
109
37
1
T
=
2
-
2
TO
35
8
8
T
=
2
-
8
TRANSMIT
114
33
6
-
-
-
-
-
RADIO
-
-
-
S
=
1
-
7
SIGNALS
81
27
9
-
-
11
Q
33
First Total
378
126
27
-
-
1+1
-
3+3
Add to Reduce
3+7+8
1+2+6
2+7
-
-
2
-
6
Second Total
18
9
9
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+8
-
-
-
-
2
-
6
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
U
=
3
-
8
UNIVERSE
113
41
5
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
G
=
7
-
4
GODS
45
18
9
M
=
4
-
4
MIND
40
22
4
-
-
22
Q
21
Add to Reduce
252
108
27
-
-
2+2
-
2+1
Reduce to Deduce
2+5+2
7+0
1+6
-
-
4
-
3
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

3
THE
33
15
6
11
ENLIGHTENED
103
58
4
3
ONE
34
16
7
2
IS
28
10
1
19
First Total
198
99
18
1+9
Add to Reduce
1+9+8
9+9
1+8
10
Second Total
18
18
9
1+0
Reduce to Deduce
1+8
1+8
-
1
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

-
9
T
H
E
-
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
+
=
16
1+6
=
7
=
7
=
7
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
+
=
16
1+6
=
7
=
7
=
7
-
9
T
H
E
-
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
5
-
2
3
4
4
-
1
+
=
21
2+1
=
3
=
3
=
3
-
-
20
-
5
-
2
21
4
4
-
1
+
=
57
5+7
=
12
1+2
3
=
3
-
9
T
H
E
-
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
20
8
5
-
2
21
4
4
8
1
+
=
73
7+3
=
10
1+0
1
=
1
-
-
2
8
5
-
2
3
4
4
8
1
+
=
37
3+7
=
10
1+0
1
=
1
-
9
T
H
E
-
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
1
=
1
=
1
-
-
2
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
occurs
x
2
=
4
=
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
=
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
4
-
-
-
-
4
occurs
x
2
=
8
=
8
-
-
-
-
5
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
occurs
x
1
=
4
=
5
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
SIX
6
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
SEVEN
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
8
occurs
x
2
=
16
1+6
7
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
NINE
9
-
-
-
-
-
22
9
T
H
E
-
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
23
-
-
9
-
37
-
28
2+2
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2+3
-
-
-
-
3+7
-
2+8
4
9
T
H
E
-
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
5
-
-
9
-
10
-
10
-
-
2
8
5
-
2
3
4
4
8
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+0
-
1+0
4
9
T
H
E
-
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
5
-
-
9
-
1
-
1

 

 

9
T
H
E
-
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
+
=
16
1+6
=
7
=
7
=
7
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
+
=
16
1+6
=
7
=
7
=
7
9
T
H
E
-
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
5
-
2
3
4
4
-
1
+
=
21
2+1
=
3
=
3
=
3
-
20
-
5
-
2
21
4
4
-
1
+
=
57
5+7
=
12
1+2
3
=
3
9
T
H
E
-
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
20
8
5
-
2
21
4
4
8
1
+
=
73
7+3
=
10
1+0
1
=
1
-
2
8
5
-
2
3
4
4
8
1
+
=
37
3+7
=
10
1+0
1
=
1
9
T
H
E
-
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
1
=
1
=
1
-
2
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
occurs
x
2
=
4
=
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
=
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
4
-
-
-
-
4
occurs
x
2
=
8
=
8
-
-
-
5
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
occurs
x
1
=
4
=
5
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
8
occurs
x
2
=
16
1+6
7
9
T
H
E
-
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
23
-
-
9
-
37
-
28
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2+3
-
-
-
-
3+7
-
2+8
9
T
H
E
-
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
5
-
-
9
-
10
-
10
-
2
8
5
-
2
3
4
4
8
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+0
-
1+0
9
T
H
E
-
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
5
-
-
9
-
1
-
1

 

 

-
3
B
U
D
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
2
21
4
+
=
27
2+7
=
9
=
9
-
-
2
3
4
+
=
9
-
=
9
=
9
-
3
B
U
D
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
2
21
4
+
=
27
2+7
=
9
=
9
-
-
2
3
4
+
=
9
-
=
9
=
9
-
3
B
U
D
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
2
21
4
+
=
27
2+7
=
9
=
9
-
-
2
3
4
+
=
9
-
=
9
=
9
-
3
B
U
D
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
4
occurs
x
1
=
4
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
FIVE
5
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
SIX
6
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
SEVEN
7
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
EIGHT
8
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
NINE
9
-
-
-
36
3
B
U
D
-
-
9
-
-
3
-
9
3+6
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
3
B
U
D
-
-
9
-
-
3
-
9

 

 

3
B
U
D
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
2
21
4
+
=
27
2+7
=
9
=
9
-
2
3
4
+
=
9
-
=
9
=
9
3
B
U
D
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
2
21
4
+
=
27
2+7
=
9
=
9
-
2
3
4
+
=
9
-
=
9
=
9
3
B
U
D
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
2
21
4
+
=
27
2+7
=
9
=
9
-
2
3
4
+
=
9
-
=
9
=
9
3
B
U
D
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
-
-
3
-
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
-
-
-
4
-
-
4
occurs
x
1
=
4
3
B
U
D
-
-
9
-
-
3
-
9
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
B
U
D
-
-
9
-
-
3
-
9

 

AH THE BUD OF

BUDDHA

 

-
BUDDHA
-
-
-
3
B+U+D
27
9
9
2
H+A+D
9
9
9
6
BUDDHA
40
22
22
-
-
4+0
2+2
2+2
6
BUDDHA
4
4
4

 

 

HAD BUD WISDOM GODS WISDOM BUD HAD

WITHIN THIS DOMINION THIS WITHIN

WITHIN THIS DIMENSION THIS WITHIN

 

-
BUDDHA
-
-
-
3
B+U+D
27
9
9
1
D
4
4
4
2
H+A
9
9
9
6
BUDDHA
40
22
22
-
-
4+0
2+2
2+2
6
BUDDHA
4
4
4

 

 

-
6
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
+
=
8
-
=
8
=
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
+
=
8
-
=
8
=
8
-
6
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
2
3
4
4
-
1
+
=
14
1+4
=
5
=
5
-
-
2
21
4
4
-
1
+
=
32
3+2
=
5
=
5
-
6
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
2
21
4
4
8
1
+
=
40
4+0
=
4
=
4
-
-
2
3
4
4
8
1
+
=
22
2+2
=
4
=
4
-
9
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
1
=
1
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
-
-
-
-
4
4
-
-
-
-
4
occurs
x
2
=
8
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
FIVE
5
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
SIX
6
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
SEVEN
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
8
occurs
x
1
=
8
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
NINE
5
-
-
-
27
6
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
18
-
-
6
-
22
2+7
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+8
-
-
-
-
2+2
9
6
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
9
-
-
6
-
4
-
-
2
3
4
4
8
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
6
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
9
-
-
6
-
4

 

 

6
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
+
=
8
-
=
8
=
8
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
+
=
8
-
=
8
=
8
6
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
2
3
4
4
-
1
+
=
14
1+4
=
5
=
5
-
2
21
4
4
-
1
+
=
32
3+2
=
5
=
5
6
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
2
21
4
4
8
1
+
=
40
4+0
=
4
=
4
-
2
3
4
4
8
1
+
=
22
2+2
=
4
=
4
9
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
1
=
1
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
-
-
-
4
4
-
-
-
-
4
occurs
x
2
=
8
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
8
occurs
x
1
=
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
6
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
18
-
-
6
-
22
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+8
-
-
-
-
2+2
6
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
9
-
-
6
-
4
-
2
3
4
4
8
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
B
U
D
D
H
A
-
-
9
-
-
6
-
4

 

 

I
=
9
-
1
I
9
9
9
A
=
1
-
2
AM
14
5
5
A
=
1
-
1
A
1
1
1
N
=
5
-
6
NOUGHT
85
31
4
A
=
1
-
2
AN
15
6
6
A
=
1
-
9
ASTRONAUT
129
30
3
-
-
18
Q
21
First Total
253
82
28
-
-
1+8
-
2+1
Add to Reduce
2+5+3
8+2
2+8
-
-
9
-
3
Second Total
10
10
10
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+0
1+0
1+0
-
-
9
-
3
Essence of Number
1
1
1

 

 

O
=
6
-
5
OUGHT
71
26
8
T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
S
=
1
-
4
STAR
58
13
4
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
C
=
3
-
6
CIRCLE
50
32
5
-
-
20
Q
23
First Total
266
113
32
-
-
2+0
-
2+3
Add to Reduce
2+6+6
1+1+3
3+2
-
-
2
-
5
Second Total
14
5
5
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+4
-
-
-
-
2
-
5
Essence of Number
5
5
5

 

 

T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
O
=
6
-
1
O
15
6
6
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
O
=
6
-
5
OUGHT
71
26
8
A
=
1
-
2
AS
20
2
2
I
=
9
-
2
IN
23
14
5
T
=
2
-
7
THOUGHT
99
36
9
-
-
34
-
25
Add to Reduce
315
126
45
-
-
3+4
-
2+5
Reduce to Deduce
3+1+5
1+2+6
4+5
-
-
7
-
7
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

THIS IS THE SCENE OF THE SCENE UNSEEN

THE UNSEEN SEEN OF THE SCENE UNSEEN THIS IS THE SCENE

 

 

M
=
4
-
4
MAYA
40
13
4
Y
=
4
-
4
YAMA
40
13
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
A
=
1
-
1
A
1
1
1
S
=
1
-
6
SEANCE
47
20
2
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
S
=
1
-
6
SENSES
81
18
9
M
=
4
-
5
MAKES
49
13
4
-
-
15
Q
32
First Total
232
79
25
-
-
1+5
-
2+3
Add to Reduce
2+3+2
7+9
2+5
-
-
6
-
5
Second Total
7
16
7
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
-
1+6
-
-
-
6
-
5
Essence of Number
7
7
7

 

 

SRI KRISHNA RISHI KRISHNA SRI

KRSNA RISHI KRSNA

SHRI KRISHNA RISHI KRISHNA SHRI

 

 

H
=
8
-
7
HASHISH
72
36
9
R
=
9
-
5
RISHI
63
36
9
H
=
8
-
7
HASHISH
72
36
9
S
-
25
4
19
Add to Reduce
207
108
27
-
-
2+5
-``
10
Reduce to Deduce
2+0+7
1+0+8
2+7
S
-
7
4
1
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

--
19
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
R
I
S
H
I
-
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
1
8
9
1
8
-
-
9
1
8
9
-
8
-
1
8
9
1
8
+
=
97
9+7
=
16
1+6
7
=
7
-
-
8
-
19
8
9
19
8
-
-
9
19
8
9
-
8
-
19
8
9
19
8
+
=
187
1+8+7
=
16
1+6
7
=
7
--
19
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
R
I
S
H
I
-
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
11
1+1
-
2
=
2
=
2
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
20
2+0
-
2
=
2
=
2
--
19
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
R
I
S
H
I
-
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
1
19
8
9
19
8
-
18
9
19
8
9
-
8
1
19
8
9
19
8
+
=
207
2+0+7
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
-
8
1
1
8
9
1
8
-
9
9
1
8
9
-
8
1
1
8
9
1
8
+
=
108
1+0+8
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
19
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
R
I
S
H
I
-
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
-``
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
7
=
7
=
7
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
TWO
2
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
THREE
3
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
FOUR
4
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
FIVE
5
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
SIX
6
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
SEVEN
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
8
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
8
-
-
8
-
-
8
-
-
8
occurs
x
7
=
56
=
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
5
=
45
4+5
9
27
19
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
R
I
S
H
I
-
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
18
-
-
19
-
108
-
18
2+7
1+9
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
1+8
-
-
1+9
-
1+0+8
-
1+8
9
10
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
R
I
S
H
I
-
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
9
-
-
10
-
9
-
9
-
1+0
8
1
1
8
9
1
8
-
9
9
1
8
9
-
8
1
1
8
9
1
8
-
-
-
-
-
1+0
-
-
-
-
9
1
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
R
I
S
H
I
-
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
9
-
-
1
-
9
-
9

 

 

19
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
R
I
S
H
I
-
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
1
8
9
1
8
-
-
9
1
8
9
-
8
-
1
8
9
1
8
+
=
97
9+7
=
16
1+6
7
=
7
-
8
-
19
8
9
19
8
-
-
9
19
8
9
-
8
-
19
8
9
19
8
+
=
187
1+8+7
=
16
1+6
7
=
7
19
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
R
I
S
H
I
-
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
11
1+1
-
2
=
2
=
2
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
20
2+0
-
2
=
2
=
2
19
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
R
I
S
H
I
-
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
8
1
19
8
9
19
8
-
18
9
19
8
9
-
8
1
19
8
9
19
8
+
=
207
2+0+7
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
8
1
1
8
9
1
8
-
9
9
1
8
9
-
8
1
1
8
9
1
8
+
=
108
1+0+8
=
9
=
9
=
9
19
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
R
I
S
H
I
-
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
-``
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
7
=
7
=
7
-
8
-
-
8
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
8
-
-
8
-
-
8
-
-
8
occurs
x
7
=
56
=
2
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
5
=
45
4+5
9
19
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
R
I
S
H
I
-
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
18
-
-
19
-
108
-
18
1+9
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
1+8
-
-
1+9
-
1+0+8
-
1+8
10
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
R
I
S
H
I
-
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
9
-
-
10
-
9
-
9
1+0
8
1
1
8
9
1
8
-
9
9
1
8
9
-
8
1
1
8
9
1
8
-
-
-
-
-
1+0
-
-
-
-
1
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
R
I
S
H
I
-
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
9
-
-
1
-
9
-
9

 

 

19
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
R
I
S
H
I
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
1
8
9
1
8
-
9
1
8
9
8
-
1
8
9
1
8
+
=
97
9+7
=
16
1+6
7
=
7
-
8
-
19
8
9
19
8
-
9
19
8
9
8
-
19
8
9
19
8
+
=
187
1+8+7
=
16
1+6
7
=
7
19
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
R
I
S
H
I
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
11
1+1
-
2
=
2
=
2
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
20
2+0
-
2
=
2
=
2
19
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
R
I
S
H
I
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
8
1
19
8
9
19
8
18
9
19
8
9
8
1
19
8
9
19
8
+
=
207
2+0+7
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
8
1
1
8
9
1
8
9
9
1
8
9
8
1
1
8
9
1
8
+
=
108
1+0+8
=
9
=
9
=
9
19
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
R
I
S
H
I
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-``
-
-
1
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
7
=
7
=
7
-
8
-
-
8
-
-
8
-
-
-
8
-
8
-
-
8
-
-
8
-
-
8
occurs
x
7
=
56
=
2
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
9
9
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
5
=
45
4+5
9
19
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
R
I
S
H
I
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
18
-
-
19
-
108
-
18
1+9
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
9
9
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
1+8
-
-
1+9
-
1+0+8
-
1+8
10
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
R
I
S
H
I
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
9
-
-
10
-
9
-
9
1+0
8
1
1
8
9
1
8
9
9
1
8
9
8
1
1
8
9
1
8
-
-
-
-
-
1+0
-
-
-
-
1
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
R
I
S
H
I
H
A
S
H
I
S
H
-
-
9
-
-
1
-
9
-
9

 

 

D
=
4
-
5
DEATH
38
20
2
I
=
9
-
2
IS
28
10
1
A
=
1
-
1
A
1
1
1
S
=
1
-
5
STATE
65
112
8
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
M
=
4
-
4
MIND
40
22
4
-
-
25
Q
19
First Total
193
76
13
-
-
2+5
-
1+9
Add to Reduce
1+9+3
7+6
1+3
-
-
7
-
10
Second Total
13
13
4
-
-
-
-
1+0
Reduce to Deduce
1+3
1+3
-
-
-
7
-
1
Essence of Number
4
4
4

 

-
12
I
S
I
S
-
I
B
I
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
1
9
1
-
9
-
9
1
-
9
-
9
1
+
=
58
5+8
=
13
1+3
4
=
4
-`
-
9
19
9
19
-
9
-
9
19
-
9
-
9
19
+
=
130
1+3+0
=
4
=
4
=
4
-
12
I
S
I
S
-
I
B
I
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
+
=
11
1+1
=
2
=
2
=
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
+
=
20
2+0
=
2
=
2
=
2
-
12
I
S
I
S
-
I
B
I
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
19
9
19
-
9
2
9
19
-
9
18
9
19
+
=
150
1+5+0
=
6
1+0
6
=
6
-
-
9
1
9
1
-
9
2
9
1
-
9
9
9
1
+
=
69
6+9
=
15
1+5
6
=
6
-
12
I
S
I
S
-
I
B
I
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
4
=
4
=
4
-
-
-
--
-
--
-
-
2
-
--
-
-
--
-
--
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
=
2
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
THREE
3
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
--
-
--
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
--
-
--
-
-
4
FOUR
4
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
FIVE
5
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
--
-
--
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
--
-
--
-
-
6
SIX
6
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
--
-
--
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
--
-
--
-
-
7
SEVEN
7
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
--
-
--
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
8
EIGHT
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
7
=
63
6+3
9
33
12
I
S
I
S
-
I
B
I
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
-
12
-
-
12
-
69
-
15
3+3
1+2
9
-
9
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
1+2
-
-
1+2
-
6+9
-
1+5
6
3
I
S
I
S
-
I
B
I
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
-
3
-
-
3
-
15
-
6
-
-
9
1
9
1
-
9
2
9
1
-
9
9
9
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+5
-
-
6
3
I
S
I
S
-
I
B
I
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
-
3
-
-
3
-
6
-
6

 

 

12
I
S
I
S
-
I
B
I
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
1
9
1
-
9
-
9
1
-
9
-
9
1
+
=
58
5+8
=
13
1+3
4
=
4
-
9
19
9
19
-
9
-
9
19
-
9
-
9
19
+
=
130
1+3+0
=
4
=
4
=
4
12
I
S
I
S
-
I
B
I
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
+
=
11
1+1
=
2
=
2
=
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
+
=
20
2+0
=
2
=
2
=
2
12
I
S
I
S
-
I
B
I
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
19
9
19
-
9
2
9
19
-
9
18
9
19
+
=
150
1+5+0
=
6
1+0
6
=
6
-
9
1
9
1
-
9
2
9
1
-
9
9
9
1
+
=
69
6+9
=
15
1+5
6
=
6
12
I
S
I
S
-
I
B
I
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
4
=
4
=
4
-
-
--
-
--
-
-
2
-
--
-
-
--
-
--
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
=
2
-
9
-
9
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
7
=
63
6+3
9
12
I
S
I
S
-
I
B
I
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
-
12
-
-
12
-
69
-
15
1+2
9
-
9
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
1+2
-
-
1+2
-
6+9
-
1+5
3
I
S
I
S
-
I
B
I
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
-
3
-
-
3
-
15
-
6
-
9
1
9
1
-
9
2
9
1
-
9
9
9
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+5
-
-
3
I
S
I
S
-
I
B
I
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
-
3
-
-
3
-
6
-
6

 

 

12
I
S
I
S
I
B
I
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
1
9
1
9
-
9
1
9
-
9
1
+
=
58
5+8
=
13
1+3
4
=
4
-
9
19
9
19
9
-
9
19
9
-
9
19
+
=
130
1+3+0
=
4
=
4
=
4
12
I
S
I
S
I
B
I
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
9
-
-
+
=
11
1+1
=
2
=
2
=
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
18
-
-
+
=
20
2+0
=
2
=
2
=
2
12
I
S
I
S
I
B
I
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
19
9
19
9
2
9
19
9
18
9
19
+
=
150
1+5+0
=
6
1+0
6
=
6
-
9
1
9
1
9
2
9
1
9
9
9
1
+
=
69
6+9
=
15
1+5
6
=
6
12
I
S
I
S
I
B
I
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
4
=
4
=
4
-
-
--
-
--
-
2
-
--
-
--
-
--
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
=
2
-
9
-
9
-
9
-
9
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
7
=
63
6+3
9
12
I
S
I
S
I
B
I
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
12
-
-
12
-
69
-
15
1+2
9
-
9
-
9
-
9
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
1+2
-
-
1+2
-
6+9
-
1+5
3
I
S
I
S
I
B
I
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
3
-
-
3
-
15
-
6
-
9
1
9
1
9
2
9
1
9
9
9
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+5
-
-
3
I
S
I
S
I
B
I
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
3
-
-
3
-
6
-
6

 

 

A
=
1
-
3
AND
19
10
1
T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
G
=
7
-
3
GOD
26
17
8
O
=
6
-
6
OSIRIS
89
35
8
I
=
9
-
2
IS
28
10
1
T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
H
=
8
-
4
HOLY
60
24
6
P
=
7
-
5
PILOT
72
27
9
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
T
=
2
-
4
TIME
47
20
2
-
-
50
Q
35
First Total
428
185
50
-
-
5+0
-
3+5
Add to Reduce
4+2+8
1+8+5
5+0
-
-
5
-
8
Second Total
14
14
5
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+4
1+4
-
-
-
5
-
8
Essence of Number
5
5
5

 

 

I
=
9
-
2
IS
28
10
1
O
=
6
-
6
OSIRIS
89
35
8
G
=
7
-
4
GODS
45
18
9
P
=
7
-
5
PILOT
72
27
9
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
T
=
2
-
4
TIME
47
20
2
-
-
37
Q
23
First Total
302
122
32
-
-
3+7
-
2+3
Add to Reduce
3+0+2
1+2+2
3+2
-
-
10
-
5
Second Total
5
5
5
-
-
1+2
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
5
Essence of Number
5
5
5

 

 

O
=
6
-
6
OSIRIS
89
35
8
I
=
9
-
2
IS
28
10
1
G
=
7
-
4
GODS
45
18
9
P
=
7
-
5
PILOT
72
27
9
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
T
=
2
-
4
TIME
47
20
2
-
-
37
Q
23
First Total
302
122
32
-
-
3+7
-
2+3
Add to Reduce
3+0+2
1+2+2
3+2
-
-
10
-
5
Second Total
5
5
5
-
-
1+2
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
5
Essence of Number
5
5
5

 

 

O
=
6
-
6
OSIRIS
89
35
8
I
=
9
-
4
ISIS
56
20
2
S
=
1
-
3
SET
44
8
8
-
-
16
Q
13
First Total
189
63
18
-
-
1+6
-
1+3
Add to Reduce
1+8+9
6+3
1+8
-
-
7
-
4
Second Total
18
9
9
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+8
-
-
-
-
7
-
4
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

SHAMANIC WISDOM IN THE PYRAMID TEXTS

THE MYSTICAL TRADITION OF ANCIENT EGYPT

Jeremy Naydler 2005

The Sarcophagus Chamber Texts

Page 195

"Part 4: Anointing with the Seven Holy Oils (Utts. 72-78, 79, 81)

The fourth ceremony in the Unas liturgy begins at the west end of the second register (see fig. 7.1). It is the anointing with the seven holy oils (utts. 72-78), which have the effect on the mythological plane of "filling the Eye of Horus" (utt. 72). As we have seen, mythologically the Eye of Horus is torn out by Seth in their battle for supremacy over Egypt. This act plunges the night sky into darkness, for the Eye of Horus, cosmically understood, is the moon-the heavenly body that illumines the night. It is Thoth who finds the eye shattered into fragments and, having reassembled them, causes the moon to reappear after its short period of invisibility. In so doing, Thoth restores harmony and wholeness both macrocosmically and microcosmically.21 On the microcosmic level the restoration of the eye signifies the consolidation of spiritual power in the king.

Figure 7.8.(Omitted) The seven holy oils. From right to left, setch-heb perfume (festival per­fume); hekenu oil; sefetch oil (or sesefetch, in utt. 74); nekhenem oil; tua oil; hat-ash oil (cedar oil); and hat-tchehennu oil (Libyan oil). Tomb of Pet-Amen-Apet.

Through the application of the seven holy oils, then, the Eye of Horns is filled. This is the mythic event that is activated by the application of the holy oils. In utterance 77, we read that through the anointing, the king becomes an akh ("shining spirit"), with sekhem ("power") in his body. The word for "body" here is tijet-the living body rather than the corpse. In this / Page 196 / utterance, the king is addressed as Horus, the living king, and the text is concerned with his attainment of both spiritual and physical power. In the other holy oil utterances (utts. 72-76 and utt. 78), the king is addressed as Osiris, but it is important to bear in mind that the king's identification with Osiris may have been only temporary. In the Sed festival "secret rites" of Niuserre, for instance, during which the living king underwent an Osiris identification, we know that sesefetch oil (referred to in utt. 74) was used.22

Figure 7.9. The offering of linen cloth. The "clothing" of the king symbolized his re-memberment after the Osirian dismemberment. Tomb of Pet-Amen-Apet.

The oils that were offered were composed of many different substances mingled together.23 Their names are descriptive of their healing properties rather than indicative of their composition. Thus the sesefetch oil of utterance 74 could be translated as "soothing oil," and was offered with the words:

Osiris Unas, accept the Eye of Horus on account of which he [i.e., Horus] suffered.

The nekhenem oil of utterance 75 had protective properties. It could be translated as "keeping safe oil" and was offered with the words:

Osiris Unas, accept the Eye of Horus that he [possibly Thoth] has kept safe.

There is here a paronomasia, or play on words, between the verb used at the end of the sentence (khenem) and the name of the oil (nekhenem oil).

This paronomasia is to be found in several other of the holy oil texts and we shall meet it again in later utterances, where it has the effect of magically enhancing the efficacy of the ritual act.
After the holy oils, linen is offered (fig. 7.9). The offering of the rolls of linen in utterance 81
has the symbolic significance of clothing the king as a resurrected Osiris. The cloth is provided by the cloth goddess Tayet, who has here the role of Isis, mythologically "weaving" the dismembered parts of the body of Osiris together / Page 197 / again, thereby making him whole.24 The clothing of Osiris could be regarded as the feminine counterpart to the filling of the Eye of Horus. It marks the successful accomplishment of the Osirian process of reconstitution after the dismemberment.25 Thus this stage of the liturgy would seem to correspond to the phase in the Osirian rites when the king is awakened. We know that in the Sed festival "secret rites" of Niuserre, linen cloth was offered to the king, so once again the context of this offering is not necessarily funerary.26

Figure 7.10.(Omitted) Part of a procession of offering bearers: The one on the .left carries a tray of food; the one on the right carries a duck and some lotus
flowers. From a limestone fragment in the pyramid temple of Unas.


Part 5: The Feast (Utts. 25 and 32, 82-96, 108-71)

The transition from the fourth to the final part of the liturgy is marked by the repetition of the two purification rites involving fire and water (utts. 25 and 32). The final part of the liturgy has to do entirely with the great feast. In the Ramesseum Dramatic Papyrus, a great feast was celebrated after the king had successfully undergone a most important "rite of passage" that concluded with his being symbolically reborn.27 Similarly, at the end of the Sed festival, an immense public feast traditionally was held. The reliefs in the sun temple of Niuserre, who, like Unas, reigned during the Fifth Dynasty, refer to 30,000 meals being provided at the Sed festival of the king.28 Surviving relief fragments from the pyramid temple of Unas that show
offering bearers carrying trays of produce may well be portraying preparations for the public feast at the end of his Sed festival, rather than funerary offerings for the dead king (see figs. 6.8 and 7.10). The pattern of a banquet being held after the successful accomplishment of the most demanding rituals involving the renewal of the kingship can be observed in other kingship festivals, both in Egypt and in neighboring Mesopotamia. At the New Year festival of Niuserre, / Page 198 / for example, more than 100,000 meals were served.29 The equivalent festival in Mesopotamia, the Akitil, also concluded with a great feast, following the successful liberation of the god Marduk from the "house of bondage."3o It is possible therefore that this last part of the offering liturgy took place during the final stages of the Sed festival ceremonies. Certainly the traditions of a great feast serve to cremind us once more that the offering and consumption of food did not occur in an exclusively funerary context.
In the Offering Liturgy of the north wall, any public aspect of the banquet is ignored. The focus is entirely on the ritual presentation of food to the king. The banquet commences with Thoth bringing the table of offer­ings before the king, as an "Eye of Horus" (utt. 82). Then come fourteen utterances, each preceded by the formula "Osiris Unas, take the Eye of Horns," followed by the name of the particular offering presented-cake, bread, beer, and so on (utts. 83-96). After this there is another purification of the king, this time with water and natron (utts. 108-9), then a further fourteen offerings of bread and cakes (utts. 110-23). The number fourteen has both lunar and Osirian significance, since it corresponds both to the cycle of the moon and to the mythological fact that Osiris was cut into fourteen pieces by Seth. It is as if in this first part of the great feast, the full cycle of the death and rebirth of both moon and Osiris is ritually enacted.
After this there are twelve utterances, all of which are meat offerings, save the second, which is of onions (utts. 124-35). As twelve is a number related to the solar cycle (the twelve hours of the day and the twelve hours of the night), it would appear that the great offering feast up to this point occurred against a cosmic backdrop of lunar and solar symbolism. Beyond this point, however, it is less easy to be sure of significant numerological correspondences. The twelve meat offerings are followed by five birds (utts. 136-40) and four more offerings of bread and cakes (utts. 141-44). These are followed by seven drink offerings (mostly different kinds of beer), each of two bowls, making fourteen bowls altogether (utts. 145-51). Then come figs (utt. 152), five different wine offerings (utts. 153-57), two offerings of bread (utts. 158-9), and again seven offerings of two bowls each of fruit and grain (utts.-60-66). The final five offerings are two bowls each of beans, beer, sweets, and so on (utts. 167-71).
If, as seems likely, the Offering Liturgy was not simply a "funerary" ritual but was also performed on and by the living king, then the offering of food in this final part of the liturgy can be understood as a feast celebrating the spiritual awakening of the king. Just as the moon dies for fourteen days and then returns to life again in the next fourteen days, and the sun journeys through the Underworld during the twelve hours of the night and / Page 199 / is then reborn in the morning to travel through the twelve hours of the day, so too does the king die and return to life. The great feast that forms the final part of the Offering Liturgy was a celebration of the king's return to life, and it was precisely this that occasioned the public festivities that in all likelihood accompanied this phase of the liturgy.
There is, in fact, a text on the east wall of the sarcophagus chamber that gives every indication that it is the living king who consumes the offerings, for the text begins with the officiating priest calling to the king:


Awake! Turn yourself about! So shout I. O king, stand up and sit down to a thousand of bread, a thousand of beer, roast meat of your rib-joints from the slaughter-house, and iteh­bread from the Broad Hall. The god is provided with a god's offering, the king is provided with this bread of his.31

Figure 7.11 shows a relief fragment from the pyramid temple of Unas depicting (in all probability) the king sitting in front of an offering table on which are arranged long slices of bread. In his left hand he holds the seshed cloth, which, as we have seen, was a symbol of the triumph of the human spirit over death.32

Figure 7.11. The king sits in front of an offering table on which are arranged long slices of bread. Relief fragment from the pyramid temple of Unas.

Page 198

"The number fourteen has both lunar and Osirian significance, since it corresponds both to the cycle of the moon and to the mythological fact that Osiris was cut into fourteen pieces by Seth. It is as if in this first part of the great feast, the full cycle of the death and rebirth of both moon and Osiris is ritually enacted."

 

OSIRIS = 89 89 = OSIRIS

8x9 = 72 72 =9x8

72 x 14

108

1+8

9

 

 

O
=
6
-
6
OSIRIS
89
35
8
I
=
9
-
4
ISIS
56
20
2
S
=
1
-
3
SET
44
8
8
-
-
16
Q
13
First Total
189
63
18
-
-
1+6
-
1+3
Add to Reduce
1+8+9
6+3
1+8
-
-
7
-
4
Second Total
18
9
9
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+8
-
-
-
-
7
-
4
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

-
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
1
9
-
9
1
+
=
26
2+6
=
8
=
8
=
8
-
-
15
19
9
-
9
19
+
=
71
7+1
=
8
=
8
=
8
-
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
+
=
9
-
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
15
19
9
18
9
19
+
=
89
8+9
=
17
1+7
8
=
8
-
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
+
=
35
3+5
=
8
=
8
=
8
-
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
2
=
2
=
2
2
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
TWO
2
-
-
-
-
-
3
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
THREE
3
-
-
-
-
-
4
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
FOUR
4
-
-
-
-
-
5
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
FIVE
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
1
=
6
=
6
7
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
SEVEN
2
-
-
-
-
-
8
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
EIGHT
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
3
=
27
2+7
9
29
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
16
-
1
6
-
35
-
17
2+9
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
1+6
-
-
-
-
3+5
-
1+7
11
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
7
-
1
6
-
8
-
8
1+1
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
7
-
1
6
-
8
-
8

 

 

6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
1
9
-
9
1
+
=
26
2+6
=
8
=
8
=
8
-
15
19
9
-
9
19
+
=
71
7+1
=
8
=
8
=
8
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
+
=
9
-
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
=
9
=
9
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
15
19
9
18
9
19
+
=
89
8+9
=
17
1+7
8
=
8
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
+
=
35
3+5
=
8
=
8
=
8
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
2
=
2
=
2
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
1
=
6
=
6
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
3
=
27
2+7
9
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
16
-
1
6
-
35
-
17
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
1+6
-
-
-
-
3+5
-
1+7
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
7
-
1
6
-
8
-
8
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
7
-
1
6
-
8
-
8

 

 

-
-
-
-
-
OSIRIS
-
-
-
O
=
6
-
3
OSS
53
26
8
I
=
9
-
1
I
9
9
9
R
=
9
-
1
R
18
9
9
I
=
9
-
1
I
28
10
1
-
-
33
-
6
OSIRIS
89
53
35
-
-
3+3
-
-
-
8+9
5+3
3+5
-
-
6
-
6
OSIRIS
17
8
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+7
-
-
-
-
6
-
6
OSIRIS
8
8
8

 

 

-
-
-
-
-
OSIRIS
-
-
-
I
=
9
-
1
I
9
9
9
R
=
9
-
1
R
18
9
9
I
=
9
-
1
I
9
9
9
S
=
1
-
3
SOS
53
26
8
-
-
28
-
6
OSIRIS
89
53
35
-
-
2+8
-
-
-
8+9
5+3
3+5
-
-
10
-
6
OSIRIS
17
8
8
-
-
1+0
-
-
-
1+7
-
-
-
-
1
-
6
OSIRIS
8
8
8

 

 

-
-
-
-
-
OSIRIS
-
-
-
S
=
1
-
3
SO
34
16
7
I
=
9
-
1
I
9
9
9
R
=
9
-
1
R
18
9
9
I
=
9
-
1
IS
28
10
1
-
-
28
Q
6
OSIRIS
89
53
35
-
-
2+8
-
-
-
8+9
5+3
3+5
-
-
10
-
6
OSIRIS
17
8
8
-
-
1+0
-
-
-
1+7
-
-
-
-
1
-
6
OSIRIS
8
8
8

 

 

-
6
S
O
-
I
R
-
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
6
-
9
-
-
9
1
+
=
26
2+6
=
8
=
8
=
8
-
-
19
15
-
9
-
-
9
19
+
=
71
7+1
=
8
=
8
=
8
-
6
S
O
-
I
R
-
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
+
=
9
-
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
6
S
O
-
I
R
-
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
19
15
-
9
18
-
9
19
+
=
89
8+9
=
17
1+7
8
=
8
-
-
1
6
-
9
9
-
9
1
+
=
35
3+5
=
8
=
8
=
8
-
6
S
O
-
I
R
-
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
2
=
2
=
2
2
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
TWO
2
-
-
-
-
-
3
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
THREE
3
-
-
-
-
-
4
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
FOUR
4
-
-
-
-
-
5
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
FIVE
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
1
=
6
=
6
7
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
SEVEN
2
-
-
-
-
-
8
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
EIGHT
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
3
=
27
2+7
9
29
6
S
O
-
I
R
-
I
S
-
-
16
-
1
6
-
35
-
17
2+9
-
-
-
-
9
9
-
9
-
-
-
1+6
-
-
-
-
3+5
-
1+7
11
6
S
O
-
I
R
-
I
S
-
-
7
-
1
6
-
8
-
8
1+1
-
1
6
-T
9
9
-T
9
1
-T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
6
S
O
-
I
R
-
I
S
-
-
7
-
1
6
-
8
-
8

 

 

OSIRIS OR ISIS OSIRIS

-
-
-
-
-
OSIRIS
-
-
-
O
=
6
-
2
OR
33
15
6
I
=
9
-
4
ISIS
56
38
2
-
-
15
-
6
OSIRIS
89
53
8
-
-
1+5
-
-
-
8+9
5+3
-
-
-
6
-
6
OSIRIS
17
8
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+7
-
-
-
-
6
-
6
OSIRIS
8
8
8

OSIRIS OR ISIS OSIRIS

 

 

OSIRIS SO IRIS OSIRIS

-
-
-
-
-
OSIRIS
-
-
-
S
=
1
-
3
SO
34
16
7
I
=
9
-
4
IRIS
55
37
1
-
-
10
-
6
OSIRIS
89
53
8
-
-
1+0
-
-
-
8+9
5+3
-
-
-
1
-
6
OSIRIS
17
8
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+7
-
-
-
-
1
-
6
OSIRIS
8
8
8

OSIRIS SO IRIS OSIRIS

 

 

-
-
-
-
-
OSIRIS
-
-
-
S
=
1
-
3
SOS
53
26
8
I
=
9
-
1
I
9
9
9
R
=
9
-
1
R
18
9
9
I
=
9
-
1
I
9
9
9
-
-
28
-
6
OSIRIS
89
53
35
-
-
2+8
-
-
-
8+9
5+3
3+5
-
-
10
-
6
OSIRIS
17
8
8
-
-
1+0
-
-
-
1+7
-
-
-
-
1
-
6
OSIRIS
8
8
8

 

 

-
6
S
O
S
-
I
R
I
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
6
1
-
9
-
9
+
=
26
2+6
=
8
=
8
=
8
-
-
19
15
19
-
9
-
9
+
=
71
7+1
=
8
=
8
=
8
-
6
S
O
S
-
I
R
I
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
+
=
9
-
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
6
S
O
S
-
I
R
I
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
19
15
19
-
9
18
9
+
=
89
8+9
=
17
1+7
8
=
8
-
-
1
6
1
-
9
9
9
+
=
35
3+5
=
8
=
8
=
8
-
6
S
O
S
-
I
R
I
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
2
=
2
=
2
2
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
TWO
2
-
-
-
-
-
3
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
THREE
3
-
-
-
-
-
4
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
FOUR
4
-
-
-
-
-
5
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
FIVE
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
1
=
6
=
6
7
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
SEVEN
2
-
-
-
-
-
8
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
EIGHT
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
9
occurs
x
3
=
27
2+7
9
29
6
S
O
S
-
I
R
I
-
-
16
-
1
6
-
35
-
17
2+9
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
1+6
-
-
-
-
3+5
-
1+7
11
6
S
O
S
-
I
R
I
-
-
7
-
1
6
-
8
-
8
1+1
-
1
6
1
-T
9
9
9
-T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
6
S
O
S
-
I
R
I
-
-
7
-
1
6
-
8
-
8

 

 

SHAMANIC WISDOM IN THE PYRAMID TEXTS

THE MYSTICAL TRADITION OF ANCIENT EGYPT

Jeremy Naydler 2005

The Sarcophagus Chamber Texts

Page 198

"Then come fourteen utterances, each preceded by the formula "Osiris Unas, take the Eye of Horus," followed by the name of the particular offering presented-cake, bread, beer, and so on (utts. 83-96)."

 

6
OSIRIS
89
35
8
4
UNAS
55
10
1
4
TAKE
37
10
1
3
THE
33
15
6
3
EYE
35
17
8
2
OF
21
12
3
5
HORUS
81
27
9
27
Add to Reduce
351
126
36
2+7
Reduce to Deduce
1+8+0
8+1
2+7
9
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

Page 198

"Then come fourteen utterances, each preceded by the formula "Osiris Unas, take the Eye of Horus," followed by the name of the particular offering presented-cake, bread, beer, and so on (utts. 83-96)."

 

OSIRIS UNAS TAKE THE EYE OF HORUS

 

O
=
6
-
27
OSIRIS UNAS TAKE THE EYE OF HORUS
351
126
36
O
=
6
-
27
OSIRIS UNAS TAKE THE EYE OF HORUS
351
126
36
O
=
6
-
27
OSIRIS UNAS TAKE THE EYE OF HORUS
351
126
36
O
=
6
-
27
OSIRIS UNAS TAKE THE EYE OF HORUS
351
126
36
O
=
6
-
27
OSIRIS UNAS TAKE THE EYE OF HORUS
351
126
36
O
=
6
-
27
OSIRIS UNAS TAKE THE EYE OF HORUS
351
126
36
O
=
6
-
27
OSIRIS UNAS TAKE THE EYE OF HORUS
351
126
36
O
=
6
-
27
OSIRIS UNAS TAKE THE EYE OF HORUS
351
126
36
O
=
6
-
27
OSIRIS UNAS TAKE THE EYE OF HORUS
351
126
36
O
=
6
-
27
OSIRIS UNAS TAKE THE EYE OF HORUS
351
126
36
O
=
6
-
27
OSIRIS UNAS TAKE THE EYE OF HORUS
351
126
36
O
=
6
-
27
OSIRIS UNAS TAKE THE EYE OF HORUS
351
126
36
O
=
6
-
27
OSIRIS UNAS TAKE THE EYE OF HORUS
351
126
36
O
=
6
-
27
OSIRIS UNAS TAKE THE EYE OF HORUS
351
126
36
-
-
84
-
378
-
4914
1764
504
-
-
8+4
-
3+7+8
-
4+9+1+4
1+7+6+4
5+0+4
-
-
12
-
18
-
18
18
9
-
-
1+2
-
2+7
-
1+8
8+1
2+7
-
-
3
-
9
-
9
9
9

 

OSIRIS A SUN TAKE THE EYE OF HORUS

 

 

SHAMANIC WISDOM IN THE PYRAMID TEXTS

THE MYSTICAL TRADITION OF ANCIENT EGYPT

Jeremy Naydler 2005

The Sarcophagus Chamber Texts

Page 199

"Figure 7.11 shows a relief fragment from the pyramid temple of Unas depicting (in all probability) the king sitting in front of an offering table on which are arranged long slices of bread. In his left hand he holds the seshed cloth, which, as we have seen, was a symbol of the triumph of the human spirit over death.32"

 

HORUS A SUN A HORUS

 

 

THE SUN

Tuesday, December 27, 2005

FRONT PAGE

"IT WASN'T DEATH THAT WON THE DAY. . HUMANITY TRIUMPHED"

 

 

OSIRIS UNAS TAKE THE EYE OF HORUS

OSIRIS UNAS TAKE THE I OF HORUS

OSIRIS A SUN TAKE THE EYE OF HORUS

 

 

-
4
I
S
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
1
9
1
+
=
20
2+0
=
2
=
2
=
2
`-
`-
9
19
9
19
+
=
56
5+6
=
11
1+1
2
=
2
-
4
I
S
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
`-
`-
9
19
9
19
+
=
56
5+6
=
11
1+1
2
=
2
-
-
9
1
9
1
+
=
20
2+0
=
2
=
2
=
2
-
4
I
S
I
S
-T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
2
=
2
=
2
2
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
TWO
2
-
-
-
-
-
3
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
THREE
3
-
-
-
-
-
4
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
FOUR
4
-
-
-
-
-
5
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
FIVE
5
-
-
-
-
-
6
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
SIX
6
-
-
-
-
-
7
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
SEVEN
7
-
-
-
-
-
8
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
EIGHT
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
2
=
18
1+8
9
35
4
I
S
I
S
-
-
10
-
1
4
-
20
-
11
3+5
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
1+0
-
-
-
-
2+0
-
1+1
8
4
I
S
I
S
-
-
1
-
1
4
-
2
-
2
-
-
9
1
9
1
-T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
4
I
S
I
S
-
-
1
-
1
4
-
2
-
2

 

 

4
I
S
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
9
1
9
1
+
=
20
2+0
=
2
=
2
=
2
`-
9
19
9
19
+
=
56
5+6
=
11
1+1
2
=
2
4
I
S
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
`-
9
19
9
19
+
=
56
5+6
=
11
1+1
2
=
2
-
9
1
9
1
+
=
20
2+0
=
2
=
2
=
2
4
I
S
I
S
-T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
2
=
2
=
2
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
2
=
18
1+8
9
4
I
S
I
S
-
-
10
-
1
4
-
20
-
11
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
1+0
-
-
-
-
2+0
-
1+1
4
I
S
I
S
-
-
1
-
1
4
-
2
-
2
-
9
1
9
1
-T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
I
S
I
S
-
-
1
-
1
4
-
2
-
2

 

 

-
10
I
S
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
1
9
1
-
6
1
9
-
9
1
+
=
46
4+6
=
10
1+0
1
=
1
-
`-
9
19
9
19
-
15
19
9
-
9
19
+
=
118
1+1+8
=
10
1+0
1
=
1
-
10
I
S
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
+
=
9
-
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
10
I
S
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
`-
9
19
9
19
-
15
19
9
18
9
19
+
=
145
1+4+5
=
10
1+0
1
=
1
-
-
9
1
9
1
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
+
=
55
5+5
=
10
1+0
1
=
1
-
10
I
S
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
---
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
4
=
4
=
4
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
2
TWO
2
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
3
THREE
3
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
4
FOUR
4
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
5
FIVE
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
1
=
6
=
6
7
-
-
-
7
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
SEVEN
7
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
EIGHT
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
--
-
-
9
occurs
x
5
=
45
4+5
9
29
10
I
S
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
16
-
-
10
-
55
-
19
2+9
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
1+6
-
-
1+0
-
5+5
-
1+9
11
10
I
S
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
7
-
-
1
-
10
-
10
1+1
-
9
1
9
1
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+0
-
1+0
2
1
I
S
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
7
-
-
1
-
1
-
1

 

 

10
I
S
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
9
1
9
1
-
6
1
9
-
9
1
+
=
46
4+6
=
10
1+0
1
=
1
`-
9
19
9
19
-
15
19
9
-
9
19
+
=
118
1+1+8
=
10
1+0
1
=
1
10
I
S
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
+
=
9
-
=
9
=
9
=
9
`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
=
9
=
9
10
I
S
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
`-
9
19
9
19
-
15
19
9
18
9
19
+
=
145
1+4+5
=
10
1+0
1
=
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
+
=
55
5+5
=
10
1+0
1
=
1
10
I
S
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
4
=
4
=
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
1
=
6
=
6
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
--
-
-
9
occurs
x
5
=
45
4+5
9
10
I
S
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
16
-
-
10
-
55
-
19
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
1+6
-
-
1+0
-
5+5
-
1+9
10
I
S
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
7
-
-
1
-
10
-
10
-
9
1
9
1
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+0
-
1+0
1
I
S
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
7
-
-
1
-
1
-
1

 

 

10
I
S
I
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
9
1
9
1
6
1
9
-
9
1
+
=
46
4+6
=
10
1+0
1
=
1
`-
9
19
9
19
15
19
9
-
9
19
+
=
118
1+1+8
=
10
1+0
1
=
1
10
I
S
I
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
+
=
9
-
=
9
=
9
=
9
`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
=
9
=
9
10
I
S
I
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
`-
9
19
9
19
15
19
9
18
9
19
+
=
145
1+4+5
=
10
1+0
1
=
1
-
9
1
9
1
6
1
9
9
9
1
+
=
55
5+5
=
10
1+0
1
=
1
10
I
S
I
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
4
=
4
=
4
-
-
-
-
-
6
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
1
=
6
=
6
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
9
--
-
-
9
occurs
x
5
=
45
4+5
9
10
I
S
I
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
16
-
-
10
-
55
-
19
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
1+6
-
-
1+0
-
5+5
-
1+9
10
I
S
I
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
7
-
-
1
-
10
-
10
-
9
1
9
1
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+0
-
1+0
1
I
S
I
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
7
-
-
1
-
1
-
1

 

 

10
ISIS OSIRIS
-
-
-
1
I
9
9
9
1
S
19
10
1
1
I
9
9
9
3
S+O+S
53
26
8
1
I
9
9
9
1
R
18
9
9
1
I
9
9
9
1
S
19
10
1
10
OSIRIS ISIS
-
-
-

 

 

10
ISIS OSIRIS
-
-
-
-
I
9
9
9
R
S
19
10
1
-
I
9
9
9
-
S
19
10
1
-
O
15
6
6
-
S
19
10
1
1
I
9
9
9
1
R
18
9
9
1
I
9
9
9
-
S
19
10
1
10
OSIRIS ISIS
-
-
-

 

 

-8
ISIS OSIRIS
-
-
-
1
I
9
9
9
1
S
19
10
1
1
I
9
9
9
7
SOSIRIS
108
36
9
10
ISIS OSIRIS
-
-
-

 

 

-8
ISIS OSIRIS
-
-
-
3
I+S+I
37
28
1
7
SOSIRIS
108
36
9
10
ISIS OSIRIS
-
-
-

 

S

Y+M+B+O+L+I+S+M

 

-8
ISIS OSIRIS
-
-
-
3
I+S+I
37
28
1
7
S+O+S+I+R+I+S
108
36
9
10
ISIS OSIRIS
145
64
10
1+0
-`
1+4+5
6+4
1+0
1
ISIS OSIRIS
10
10
1
-
-`
1+0
1+0
-
1
ISIS OSIRIS
1
1
1

 

 

-8
IRIS OSIRIS
-
-
-
3
I+R+I
36
18
9
7
S+O+S+I+R+I+S
108
36
9
10
IRIS OSIRIS
144
63
18
1+0
-`
1+4+4
6+3
1+8
1
IRIS OSIRIS
9
9
9
-
-`
1+0
1+0
-
1
IRIS OSIRIS
1
1
9

 

 

-8
IRIS OSIRIS
-
-
-
3
I+R+I
36
18
9
7
S+O+S+I+R+I+S
108
36
9
10
IRIS OSIRIS
144
63
18
1+0
-`
1+4+4
6+3
1+8
1
IRIS OSIRIS
9
9
9
-
-`
1+0
1+0
-
1
IRIS OSIRIS
1
1
9

 

 

-
10
I
R
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
9
1
-
6
1
9
-
9
1
+
=
45
4+5
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
`-
9
-
9
19
-
15
19
9
-
9
19
+
=
108
1+0+8
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
10
I
R
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
`-
-
18
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
+
=
36
3+6
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
10
I
R
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
`-
9
18
9
19
-
15
19
9
18
9
19
+
=
144
1+4+4
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
-
9
9
9
1
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
+
=
63
6+3
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
10
I
R
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
---
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
3
=
3
=
3
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
2
TWO
2
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
3
THREE
3
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
4
FOUR
4
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
5
FIVE
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
1
=
6
=
6
7
-
-
-
7
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
SEVEN
2
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
EIGHT
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
--
-
-
9
occurs
x
6
=
54
5+4
9
29
10
I
R
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
16
-
-
10
-
63
-
18
2+9
1+0
9
9
9
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
1+6
-
-
1+0
-
6+3
-
1+8
11
1
I
R
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
7
-
-
1
-
9
-
9
1+1
-
9
9
9
1
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
10
I
R
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
7
-
-
1
-
9
-
9

 

 

-
10
I
R
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
9
1
-
6
1
9
-
9
1
+
=
45
4+5
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
`-
9
-
9
19
-
15
19
9
-
9
19
+
=
108
1+0+8
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
10
I
R
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
`-
-
18
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
+
=
36
3+6
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
10
I
R
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
`-
9
18
9
19
-
15
19
9
18
9
19
+
=
144
1+4+4
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
-
9
9
9
1
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
+
=
63
6+3
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
10
I
R
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
---
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
3
=
3
=
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
1
=
6
=
6
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
--
-
-
9
occurs
x
6
=
54
5+4
9
29
10
I
R
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
16
-
-
10
-
63
-
18
2+9
1+0
9
9
9
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
1+6
-
-
1+0
-
6+3
-
1+8
11
1
I
R
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
7
-
-
1
-
9
-
9
1+1
-
9
9
9
1
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
10
I
R
I
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
7
-
-
1
-
9
-
9

 

I

SAY

THAT I ME MIND OF MINE IS THE I ME MIND OF MIN

THAT

MIND OF MIN 495 GODS 495 MIN OF MIND

 

 

O
=
6
-
6
OSIRIS
89
35
8
I
=
9
-
4
ISIS
56
20
2
O
=
6
-
5
ORION
71
35
8
S
-
21
4
15
Add to Reduce
216
90
18
-
-
2+1
-``
1+5
Reduce to Deduce
2+1+6
9+0
1+8
S
-
3
4
6
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

-
15
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
1
9
-
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
6
-
9
6
5
+
=
72
7+2
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
`-
15
19
9
-
9
19
-
9
19
9
19
-
15
-
9
15
14
+
=
180
1+8+0
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
15
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
`-
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
+
=
36
3+6
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
15
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
`-
15
19
9
18
9
19
-
9
19
9
19
-
15
18
9
15
14
+
=
216
2+1+6
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
6
9
9
6
5
+
=
90
9+0
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
15
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
---
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
4
=
4
=
4
2
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
2
TWO
2
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
3
THREE
3
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
4
FOUR
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
5
occurs
x
1
=
5
=
5
-
-
6
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
6
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
3
=
18
1+8
9
7
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
7
-
-
7
-
-
-
7
SEVEN
7
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
EIGHT
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
--
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
7
=
63
6+3
9
24
15
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
21
-
-
15
-
90
-
27
2+4
1+5
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
-
-
-
-
2+1
-
-
1+5
-
9+0
-
2+7
6
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
3
-
-
6
-
9
-
9
-
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
6
9
9
6
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
3
-
-
6
-
9
-
9

 

 

15
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
6
1
9
-
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
6
-
9
6
5
+
=
72
7+2
=
9
=
9
=
9
`-
15
19
9
-
9
19
-
9
19
9
19
-
15
-
9
15
14
+
=
180
1+8+0
=
9
=
9
=
9
15
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
=
9
=
9
`-
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
+
=
36
3+6
=
9
=
9
=
9
15
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
`-
15
19
9
18
9
19
-
9
19
9
19
-
15
18
9
15
14
+
=
216
2+1+6
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
6
9
9
6
5
+
=
90
9+0
=
9
=
9
=
9
15
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
4
=
4
=
4
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
5
occurs
x
1
=
5
=
5
-
6
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
6
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
3
=
18
1+8
9
-
-
-
9
9
9
--
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
7
=
63
6+3
9
15
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
21
-
-
15
-
90
-
27
1+5
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
-
-
-
-
2+1
-
-
1+5
-
9+0
-
2+7
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
3
-
-
6
-
9
-
9
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
6
9
9
6
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
3
-
-
6
-
9
-
9

 

 

-8
OSIRIS
-
-
-
2
SO
34
7
7
4
IRIS
55
28
9
6
SOIRIS
89
35
18
-
-
8+9
3+5
1+8
1
OSIRIS
17
8
8
-
-
1+7
-
-
1
OSIRIS
8
8
8

 

 

O
=
6
-
5
ORION
71
35
8
S
=
1
-
6
SIRIUS
95
32
5
-
-
7
Q
11
First Total
166
67
13
-
-
-
-
1+1
Add to Reduce
1+6+6
6+7
1+3
-
-
7
-
2
Second Total
13
13
4
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+3
1+3
-
-
-
7
-
2
Essence of Number
4
4
4

 

 

O
=
6
-
5
ORION
71
35
8
I
=
9
-
4
ISIS
56
20
2
O
=
6
-
6
OSIRIS
89
35
8
-
-
21
Q
15
Add to Reduce
216
90
18
-
-
2+1
-
1+5
Reduce to Deduce
2+1+6
9+0
1+8
-
-
3
-
6
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

S
=
1
-
6
SIRIUS
95
32
5
O
=
6
-
6
OSIRIS
89
35
8
I
=
9
-
4
ISIS
56
20
2
O
=
6
-
5
ORION
71
35
8
S
-
22
4
21
Add to Reduce
302
113
23
-
-
2+2
-``
2+1
Reduce to Deduce
3+0+2
1+1+3
2+3
S
-
4
4
3
Essence of Number
5
5
5

 

 

-
21
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
9
-
9
-
1
-
6
1
9
-
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
6
-
9
6
5
+
=
92
9+2
=
11
1+1
2
=
2
-
-
19
9
-
9
-
19
-
15
19
9
-
9
19
-
9
19
9
19
-
15
-
9
15
14
+
=
227
2+2+7
=
11
1+1
2
=
2
-
21
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
+
=
30
3+0
=
3
=
3
=
3
-
-
-
-
18
-
21
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
+
=
75
7+5
=
12
=
3
=
3
-
21
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
19
9
18
9
21
19
-
15
19
9
18
9
19
-
9
19
9
19
-
15
18
9
15
14
+
=
302
3+0+2
=
5
=
5
=
5
-
-
1
9
9
9
3
1
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
6
9
9
6
5
+
=
113
1+1+3
=
5
=
5
=
5
-
21
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
---
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
6
=
6
=
6
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
2
TWO
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
=
3
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
4
FOUR
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
5
occurs
x
1
=
5
=
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
6
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
3
=
18
1+8
9
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
7
-
-
7
-
-
-
7
SEVEN
7
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
EIGHT
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
--
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
10
=
90
9+0
9
21
21
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
21
-
-
21
-
113
-
32
2+1
2+1
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
-
-
-
-
2+1
-
-
2+1
-
1+1+3
-
3+2
3
3
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
3
-
-
3
-
5
-
5
-
-
1
9
9
9
3
1
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
6
9
9
6
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
3
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
3
-
-
3
-
5
-
5

 

 

1
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
9
-
9
-
1
-
6
1
9
-
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
6
-
9
6
5
+
=
92
9+2
=
11
1+1
2
=
2
-
19
9
-
9
-
19
-
15
19
9
-
9
19
-
9
19
9
19
-
15
-
9
15
14
+
=
227
2+2+7
=
11
1+1
2
=
2
21
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
+
=
30
3+0
=
3
=
3
=
3
-
-
-
18
-
21
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
+
=
75
7+5
=
12
=
3
=
3
21
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
19
9
18
9
21
19
-
15
19
9
18
9
19
-
9
19
9
19
-
15
18
9
15
14
+
=
302
3+0+2
=
5
=
5
=
5
-
1
9
9
9
3
1
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
6
9
9
6
5
+
=
113
1+1+3
=
5
=
5
=
5
21
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
6
=
6
=
6
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
=
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
5
occurs
x
1
=
5
=
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
6
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
3
=
18
1+8
9
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
--
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
10
=
90
9+0
9
21
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
21
-
-
21
-
113
-
32
2+1
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
-
-
-
-
2+1
-
-
2+1
-
1+1+3
-
3+2
3
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
3
-
-
3
-
5
-
5
-
1
9
9
9
3
1
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
6
9
9
6
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
3
-
-
3
-
5
-
5

 

 

1
S
I
R
I
U
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
S
I
S
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
9
-
9
-
1
6
1
9
-
9
1
9
1
9
1
6
-
9
6
5
+
=
92
9+2
=
11
1+1
2
=
2
-
19
9
-
9
-
19
15
19
9
-
9
19
9
19
9
19
15
-
9
15
14
+
=
227
2+2+7
=
11
1+1
2
=
2
21
S
I
R
I
U
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
S
I
S
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
3
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
+
=
30
3+0
=
3
=
3
=
3
-
-
-
18
-
21
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
+
=
75
7+5
=
12
=
3
=
3
21
S
I
R
I
U
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
S
I
S
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
19
9
18
9
21
19
15
19
9
18
9
19
9
19
9
19
15
18
9
15
14
+
=
302
3+0+2
=
5
=
5
=
5
-
1
9
9
9
3
1
6
1
9
9
9
1
9
1
9
1
6
9
9
6
5
+
=
113
1+1+3
=
5
=
5
=
5
21
S
I
R
I
U
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
S
I
S
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
6
=
6
=
6
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
=
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
5
occurs
x
1
=
5
=
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
6
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
3
=
18
1+8
9
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
--
9
-
9
-
-
9
9
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
10
=
90
9+0
9
21
S
I
R
I
U
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
S
I
S
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
21
-
-
21
-
113
-
32
2+1
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
9
-
9
-
-
9
9
-
-
-
-
2+1
-
-
2+1
-
1+1+3
-
3+2
3
S
I
R
I
U
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
S
I
S
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
3
-
-
3
-
5
-
5
-
1
9
9
9
3
1
6
1
9
9
9
1
9
1
9
1
6
9
9
6
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
S
I
R
I
U
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
S
I
S
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
3
-
-
3
-
5
-
5

 

 

O
=
6
-
6
OSIRIS
89
35
8
I
=
9
-
4
ISIS
56
20
2
S
=
1
-
6
SIRIUS
95
32
5
-
-
16
-
16
First Total
240
87
15
-
-
1+6
-
1+6
Add to Reduce
2+4+0
8+7
1+5
Q
-
7
-
7
Second Total
6
15
6
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
-
1+5
-
-
-
7
5
7
Essence of Number
6
6
6

 

 

-
16
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
1
9
-
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
1
9
-
9
-
1
+
=
66
6+6
=
12
1+2
3
=
3
-
-
15
19
9
-
9
19
-
9
19
9
19
-
19
9
-
9
-
19
+
=
183
1+8+3
=
12
1+2
3
=
3
-
16
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
3
-
+
=
21
2+1
=
3
=
3
=
3
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
21
-
+
=
57
5+7
=
12
1+2
3
=
3
-
16
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
15
19
9
18
9
19
-
9
19
9
19
-
19
9
18
9
21
19
+
=
240
2+4+0
=
6
=
6
=
6
-
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
1
9
9
9
3
1
+
=
87
8+7
=
15
1+5
6
=
6
-
16
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
6
=
6
=
6
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
TWO
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
=
3
4
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
FOUR
4
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
FIVE
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
1
=
6
=
6
7
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
SEVEN
7
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
EIGHT-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
8
=
72
7+2
9
26
16
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
19
-``
-
16
-
87
-
24
2+6
1+6
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
-
1+9
-
-
1+6
-
8+7
-
2+4
8
7
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
10
-``
-
7
-
15
-
6
-
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
1
9
9
9
3
1
-
-
1+0
-
-
-
-
1+5
-
-
8
7
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
1
-``
-
7
-
6
-
6

 

 

-
16
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
1
9
-
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
1
9
-
9
-
1
+
=
66
6+6
=
12
1+2
3
=
3
-
-
15
19
9
-
9
19
-
9
19
9
19
-
19
9
-
9
-
19
+
=
183
1+8+3
=
12
1+2
3
=
3
-
16
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
3
-
+
=
21
2+1
=
3
=
3
=
3
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
21
-
+
=
57
5+7
=
12
1+2
3
=
3
-
16
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
15
19
9
18
9
19
-
9
19
9
19
-
19
9
18
9
21
19
+
=
240
2+4+0
=
6
=
6
=
6
-
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
1
9
9
9
3
1
+
=
87
8+7
=
15
1+5
6
=
6
-
16
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
6
=
6
=
6
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
=
3
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
1
=
6
=
6
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
8
=
72
7+2
9
26
16
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
19
-``
-
16
-
87
-
24
2+6
1+6
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
-
1+9
-
-
1+6
-
8+7
-
2+4
8
7
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
10
-``
-
7
-
15
-
6
-
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
1
9
9
9
3
1
-
-
1+0
-
-
-
-
1+5
-
-
8
7
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
1
-``
-
7
-
6
-
6

 

 

16
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
S
I
S
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
1
9
-
9
1
9
1
9
1
1
9
-
9
-
1
+
=
66
6+6
=
12
1+2
3
=
3
-
15
19
9
-
9
19
9
19
9
19
19
9
-
9
-
19
+
=
183
1+8+3
=
12
1+2
3
=
3
16
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
S
I
S
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
3
-
+
=
21
2+1
=
3
=
3
=
3
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
21
-
+
=
57
5+7
=
12
1+2
3
=
3
16
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
S
I
S
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
15
19
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Sirius - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirius
Sirius is the brightest star in the night sky. With a visual apparent magnitude of -1.46, it is almost twice as bright as Canopus, the next brightest star. The name ...

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Sirius
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Sirius B" redirects here. For other uses of Sirius B, see Sirius B (disambiguation). For other uses of Sirius, see Sirius (disambiguation).
Sirius A / B
The position of Sirius (circled).

Observation data
Epoch J2000.0 Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS)
Constellation
Canis Major

Pronunciation

/'s?ri?s/[1]

Right ascension

06h 45m 08.9173s[2][note 1]

Declination
-16° 42' 58.017?[2][note 1]
Apparent magnitude (V)
-1.47 (A)[2] / 8.30 (B)[3]
Characteristics
Spectral type
A1V (A)[2] / DA2 (B)[3]
U-B color index

-0.05 (A)[4] / -1.04 (B)[3]

B-V color index

0.01 (A)[2] / -0.03 (B)[3]
Astrometry

Radial velocity (Rv)

-7.6[2] km/s
Proper motion (µ)

RA: -546.05[2][note 1] mas/yr
Dec.: -1223.14[2][note 1] mas/yr

Parallax (p)

379.21 ± 1.58[2][5] mas
Distance

8.60 ± 0.04 ly
(2.64 ± 0.01 pc)

Absolute magnitude (MV)

1.42 (A)[note 2] / 11.18 (B)[3]

Orbit[6]

Companion

a CMa B
Period (P)

50.090 ± 0.055 yr

Semimajor axis (a)

7.50 ± 0.04"
Eccentricity (e)
0.5923 ± 0.0019
Inclination (i)
136.53 ± 0.43°
Longitude of the node (O)
44.57 ± 0.44°
Periastron epoch (T)
1894.130 ± 0.015
Argument of periastron (?)
(secondary)

147.27 ± 0.54°
Details
a CMa A

Mass
2.02[7] M?

Radius

1.711[7] R?

Luminosity
25.4[7] L?
Surface gravity (log g)
4.33[8]

Temperature
9,940[8] K

Metallicity [Fe/H]
0.50[9] dex
Rotation
16 km/s[10]

Age

2–3 × 108[7] years
a CMa B
Mass
0.978[7] M?
Radius
0.0084 ± 3%[11] R?

Luminosity
0.026[note 3] L?

Surface gravity (log g)
8.57[11]

Temperature
25,200[7] K
Other designations

System: Dog Star, Aschere, Canicula, Al Shira, Sothis,[12] Alhabor,[13] Mrgavyadha, Lubdhaka,[14] Tenrosei,[15] a Canis Majoris (a CMa), 9 Canis Majoris (9 CMa), HD 48915, HR 2491, BD -16°1591, GCTP 1577.00 A/B, GJ 244 A/B, LHS 219, ADS 5423, LTT 2638, HIP 32349.
B: EGGR 49, WD 0642-166.[2][16][17]
Sirius is the brightest star in the night sky. With a visual apparent magnitude of -1.46, it is almost twice as bright as Canopus, the next brightest star. The name "Sirius" is derived from the Ancient Greek: Se????? Seirios ("glowing" or "scorcher"). The star has the Bayer designation Alpha Canis Majoris (a CMa). What the naked eye perceives as a single star is actually a binary star system, consisting of a white main sequence star of spectral type A1V, termed Sirius A, and a faint white dwarf companion of spectral type DA2, called Sirius B. The distance separating Sirius A from its companion varies between 8.1 and 31.5 AU.[18]

Sirius appears bright because of both its intrinsic luminosity and its proximity to Earth. At a distance of 2.6 parsecs (8.6 ly), as determined by the Hipparcos astrometry satellite,[5][19][20] the Sirius system is one of Earth's near neighbors; for Northern-hemisphere observers between 30 degrees and 73 degrees of latitude (including almost all of Europe and North America), it is the closest star (after the Sun) that can be seen with a naked eye. Sirius is gradually moving closer to the Solar System, so it will slightly increase in brightness over the next 60,000 years. After that time its distance will begin to recede, but it will continue to be the brightest star in the Earth's sky for the next 210,000 years.[21]

Sirius A is about twice as massive as the Sun and has an absolute visual magnitude of 1.42. It is 25 times more luminous than the Sun[7] but has a significantly lower luminosity than other bright stars such as Canopus or Rigel. The system is between 200 and 300 million years old.[7] It was originally composed of two bright bluish stars. The more massive of these, Sirius B, consumed its resources and became a red giant before shedding its outer layers and collapsing into its current state as a white dwarf around 120 million years ago.[7]

Sirius is also known colloquially as the "Dog Star", reflecting its prominence in its constellation, Canis Major (Greater Dog).[12] The heliacal rising of Sirius marked the flooding of the Nile in Ancient Egypt and the "dog days" of summer for the ancient Greeks, while to the Polynesians it marked winter and was an important star for navigation around the Pacific Ocean.

Contents
[hide] 1 Observational history 1.1 Kinematics
1.2 Discovery of a companion
1.3 Red controversy

2 Visibility
3 System 3.1 Sirius A
3.2 Sirius B
3.3 Sirius star cluster

4 Etymology and cultural significance 4.1 Dogon
4.2 Serer religion
4.3 Modern legacy

5 See also
6 Notes
7 References 7.1 Cited texts

8 External links

[edit] Observational history

Hieroglyph of
Sirius/Sopdet

Sirius, known in ancient Egypt as Sopdet (Greek: S???? = Sothis), is recorded in the earliest astronomical records. During the era of the Middle Kingdom, Egyptians based their calendar on the heliacal rising of Sirius, namely the day it becomes visible just before sunrise after moving far enough away from the glare of the Sun. This occurred just before the annual flooding of the Nile and the summer solstice,[22] after a 70-day absence from the skies.[23] The hieroglyph for Sothis features a star and a triangle. Sothis was identified with the great goddess Isis, who formed a part of a triad with her husband Osiris and their son Horus, while the 70-day period symbolised the passing of Isis and Osiris through the duat (Egyptian underworld).[23]

The ancient Greeks observed that the appearance of Sirius heralded the hot and dry summer, and feared that it caused plants to wilt, men to weaken, and women to become aroused.[24] Due to its brightness, Sirius would have been noted to twinkle more in the unsettled weather conditions of early summer. To Greek observers, this signified certain emanations which caused its malignant influence. Anyone suffering its effects was said to be astroboletos (?st??ß???t??) or "star-struck". It was described as "burning" or "flaming" in literature.[25] The season following the star's appearance came to be known as the Dog Days of summer.[26] The inhabitants of the island of Ceos in the Aegean Sea would offer sacrifices to Sirius and Zeus to bring cooling breezes, and would await the reappearance of the star in summer. If it rose clear, it would portend good fortune; if it was misty or faint then it foretold (or emanated) pestilence. Coins retrieved from the island from the 3rd century BC feature dogs or stars with emanating rays, highlighting Sirius' importance.[25] The Romans celebrated the heliacal setting of Sirius around April 25, sacrificing a dog, along with incense, wine, and a sheep, to the goddess Robigo so that the star's emanations would not cause wheat rust on wheat crops that year.[27]

Ptolemy of Alexandria mapped the stars in Books VII and VIII of his Almagest, in which he used Sirius as the location for the globe's central meridian. He curiously depicted it as one of six red-coloured stars (see the Red controversy section below). The other five are class M and K stars, such as Arcturus and Betelgeuse.[28]

Bright stars were important to the ancient Polynesians for navigation between the many islands and atolls of the Pacific Ocean. Low on the horizon, they acted as stellar compasses to assist mariners in charting courses to particular destinations. They also served as latitude markers; the declination of Sirius matches the latitude of the archipelago of Fiji at 17°S and thus passes directly over the islands each night.[29] Sirius served as the body of a "Great Bird" constellation called Manu, with Canopus as the southern wingtip and Procyon the northern wingtip, which divided the Polynesian night sky into two hemispheres.[30] Just as the appearance of Sirius in the morning sky marked summer in Greece, so it marked the chilly onset of winter for the Maori, whose name Takurua described both the star and the season. Its culmination at the winter solstice was marked by celebration in Hawaii, where it was known as Ka'ulua, "Queen of Heaven". Many other Polynesian names have been recorded, including Tau-ua in the Marquesas Islands, Rehua in New Zealand, Aa and Hoku-Kauopae in Hawaii,[31] and Ta'urua-fau-papa "Festivity of original high chiefs" and Ta'urua-e-hiti-i-te-tara-te-feiai "Festivity who rises with prayers and religious ceremonies" in Tahiti.[32].

The indigenous Boorong people of northwestern Victoria named Sirius as Warepil.[33]

[edit] Kinematics

In 1718, Edmond Halley discovered the proper motion of the hitherto presumed "fixed" stars[34] after comparing contemporary astrometric measurements with those given in Ptolemy's Almagest. The bright stars Aldebaran, Arcturus and Sirius were noted to have moved significantly, the last of which having progressed 30 arc minutes (about the diameter of the moon) southwards in 1,800 years.[35]

In 1868, Sirius became the first star to have its velocity measured. Sir William Huggins examined the spectrum of this star and observed a noticeable red shift. He concluded that Sirius was receding from the Solar System at about 40 km/s.[36][37] Compared to the modern value of -7.6 km/s,[2] this both was an overestimate and had the wrong sign; the minus means it is approaching the Sun. However, it is notable for introducing the study of celestial radial velocities.

[edit] Discovery of a companion

A simulated image of Sirius A and B using Celestia
In 1844 the German astronomer Friedrich Bessel deduced from changes in the proper motion of Sirius that it had an unseen companion.[38] Nearly two decades later, on January 31, 1862, American telescope-maker and astronomer Alvan Graham Clark first observed the faint companion, which is now called Sirius B, or affectionately "the Pup".[39] This happened during testing of an 18.5-inch (470 mm) aperture great refractor telescope for Dearborn Observatory, which was the largest refracting telescope lens in existence at the time, and the largest telescope in America.[40]

The visible star is now sometimes known as Sirius A. Since 1894, some apparent orbital irregularities in the Sirius system have been observed, suggesting a third very small companion star, but this has never been definitely confirmed. The best fit to the data indicates a six-year orbit around Sirius A and a mass of only 0.06 solar masses. This star would be five to ten magnitudes fainter than the white dwarf Sirius B, which would account for the difficulty of observing it.[41] Observations published in 2008 were unable to detect either a third star or a planet. An apparent "third star" observed in the 1920s is now confirmed as a background object.[42]

In 1915, Walter Sydney Adams, using a 60-inch (1.5 m) reflector at Mount Wilson Observatory, observed the spectrum of Sirius B and determined that it was a faint whitish star.[43] This led astronomers to conclude that it was a white dwarf, the second to be discovered.[44] The diameter of Sirius A was first measured by Robert Hanbury Brown and Richard Q. Twiss in 1959 at Jodrell Bank using their stellar intensity interferometer.[45] In 2005, using the Hubble Space Telescope, astronomers determined that Sirius B has nearly the diameter of the Earth, 12,000 kilometers (7,500 mi), with a mass that is 98% of the Sun.[46][47][48][49]

[edit] Red controversy

Around 150 AD, the Greek astronomer of the Roman period Claudius Ptolemy described Sirius as reddish, along with five other stars, Betelgeuse, Antares, Aldebaran, Arcturus and Pollux, all of which are clearly of orange or red hue.[50] The discrepancy was first noted by amateur astronomer Thomas Barker, squire of Lyndon Hall in Rutland, who prepared a paper and spoke at a meeting of the Royal Society in London in 1760.[51] The existence of other stars changing in brightness gave credence to the idea that some may change in colour too; Sir John Herschel noted this in 1839, possibly influenced by witnessing Eta Carinae two years earlier.[52] Thomas Jefferson Jackson See resurrected discussion on red Sirius with the publication of several papers in 1892, and a final summary in 1926.[53] He cited not only Ptolemy but also the poet Aratus, the orator Cicero, and general Germanicus as colouring the star red, though acknowledging that none of the latter three authors were astronomers, the last two merely translating Aratus' poem Phaenomena.[54] Seneca, too, had described Sirius as being of a deeper red colour than Mars.[55] However, not all ancient observers saw Sirius as red. The 1st century AD poet Marcus Manilius described it as "sea-blue", as did the 4th century Avienus.[56] It is the standard star for the color white in ancient China, and multiple records from the 2nd century BC up to the 7th century AD all describe Sirius as white in hue.[57][58]

In 1985, German astronomers Wolfhard Schlosser and Werner Bergmann published an account of an 8th century Lombardic manuscript, which contains De cursu stellarum ratio by St. Gregory of Tours. The Latin text taught readers how to determine the times of nighttime prayers from positions of the stars, and Sirius is described within as rubeola — "reddish". The authors proposed this was further evidence Sirius B had been a red giant at the time.[59] However, other scholars replied that it was likely St. Gregory had been referring to Arcturus instead.[60][61]

The possibility that stellar evolution of either Sirius A or Sirius B could be responsible for this discrepancy has been rejected by astronomers on the grounds that the timescale of thousands of years is too short and that there is no sign of the nebulosity in the system that would be expected had such a change taken place.[55] An interaction with a third star, to date undiscovered, has also been proposed as a possibility for a red appearance.[62] Alternative explanations are either that the description as red is a poetic metaphor for ill fortune, or that the dramatic scintillations of the star when it was observed rising left the viewer with the impression that it was red. To the naked eye, it often appears to be flashing with red, white and blue hues when near the horizon.[55]

[edit] Visibility

The image of Sirius A and Sirius B taken by the Hubble Space Telescope. The white dwarf can be seen to the lower left.[63] The diffraction spikes and concentric rings are instrumental effects.
With an apparent magnitude of -1.46, Sirius is the brightest star in the night sky, almost twice the brightness of the second brightest star, Canopus.[64] However, it is not as bright as the Moon, Venus, or Jupiter. At times, Mercury and Mars are also brighter than Sirius.[65] Sirius can be seen from almost every inhabited region of the Earth's surface, with only those north of 73 degrees unable to see it. However, it does not rise very high when viewed from some northern cities, reaching only 13° above the horizon from Saint Petersburg.[66] Sirius, along with Procyon and Betelgeuse, forms one of the three vertices of the Winter Triangle to observers in the Northern Hemisphere.[67] Due to its declination of roughly -17°,[2] Sirius is a circumpolar star from latitudes south of 73° S. From the Southern Hemisphere in early July, Sirius can be seen in both the evening where it sets after the Sun, and in the morning where it rises before the Sun.[68] Due to precession (and slightly proper motion), Sirius will move further south. From AD 9000 Sirius won't be visible anymore from northern and central Europe and in AD 14000 (when Vega is close to the North Pole) its declination will be -67º and thus will be circumpolar throughout South Africa and in most parts of Australia.

Sirius can even be observed in daylight with the naked eye under the right conditions. Ideally, the sky should be very clear, with the observer at a high altitude, the star passing overhead, and the Sun low down on the horizon.[69] These observing conditions are more easily met in the southern hemisphere, due to the southerly declination of Sirius.

The orbital motion of the Sirius binary system brings the two stars to a minimum angular separation of 3 arcseconds and a maximum of 11 arcseconds. At the closest approach, it is an observational challenge to distinguish the white dwarf from its more luminous companion, requiring a telescope with at least 300 mm (12 in) aperture and excellent seeing conditions. A periastron occurred in 1994[note 4] and the pair have since been moving apart, making them easier to separate with a telescope.[70]

At a distance of 2.6 parsecs (8.6 ly), the Sirius system contains two of the eight nearest stars to the Solar System[71] and is the fifth closest stellar system to ours.[71] This proximity is the main reason for its brightness, as with other near stars such as Alpha Centauri and in stark contrast to distant, highly luminous supergiants such as Canopus, Rigel or Betelgeuse.[72] However, it is still around 25 times more luminous than the Sun.[7] The closest large neighbouring star to Sirius is Procyon, 1.61 parsecs (5.24 ly) away.[73] The Voyager 2 spacecraft, launched in 1977 to study the four Jovian planets in the Solar System, is expected to pass within 4.3 light-years (1.3 pc) of Sirius in approximately 296,000 years.[74]

[edit] System

 

A Chandra X-ray Observatory image of the Sirius star system, where the spike-like pattern is due to the support structure for the transmission grating. The bright source is Sirius B. Credit: NASA/SAO/CXC.
Sirius is a binary star system consisting of two white stars orbiting each other with a separation of about 20 astronomical units (3.0×109 km; 1.9×109 mi)[note 5] (roughly the distance between the Sun and Uranus) and a period of 50.1 years. The brighter component, termed Sirius A, is a main-sequence star of spectral type A1V, with an estimated surface temperature of 9,940 K.[8] Its companion, Sirius B, is a star that has already evolved off the main sequence and become a white dwarf. Currently 10,000 times less luminous in the visual spectrum, Sirius B was once the more massive of the two.[75] The age of the system has been estimated at around 230 million years. Early in its lifespan it was thought to have been two bluish white stars orbiting each other in an elliptical orbit every 9.1 years.[75] The system emits a higher than expected level of infrared radiation, as measured by IRAS space-based observatory. This may be an indication of dust in the system, and is considered somewhat unusual for a binary star.[73][76] The Chandra X-ray Observatory image shows Sirius B outshining its bright partner as it is a brighter X-ray source.[77]

[edit] Sirius A

An artist's impression of Sirius A and Sirius B. Sirius A is the larger of the two stars.
Sirius A has a mass double that of the Sun.[7][78] The radius of this star has been measured by an astronomical interferometer, giving an estimated angular diameter of 5.936±0.016 mas. The projected rotational velocity is a relatively low 16 km/s,[10] which does not produce any significant flattening of its disk.[79] This is at marked variance with the similar-sized Vega, which rotates at a much faster 274 km/s and bulges prominently around its equator.[80] A weak magnetic field has been detected on the surface of Sirius A.[81]

Stellar models suggest that the star formed during the collapsing of a molecular cloud, and that after 10 million years, its internal energy generation was derived entirely from nuclear reactions. The core became convective and utilized the CNO cycle for energy generation.[79] It is predicted that Sirius A will have completely exhausted the store of hydrogen at its core within a billion (109) years of its formation. At this point it will pass through a red giant stage, then settle down to become a white dwarf.

Sirius A is classed as an Am star because the spectrum shows deep metallic absorption lines,[82] indicating an enhancement in elements heavier than helium, such as iron.[73][79] When compared to the Sun, the proportion of iron in the atmosphere of Sirius A relative to hydrogen is given by ,[9] which is equivalent to 100.5, meaning it has 316% of the proportion of iron in the Sun's atmosphere. The high surface content of metallic elements is unlikely to be true of the entire star, rather the iron-peak and heavy metals are radiatively levitated towards the surface.[79]

[edit] Sirius B

The orbit of Sirius B around A as seen from Earth (slanted ellipse) and as seen face-on (wide horizontal ellipse).
With a mass nearly equal to the Sun's, Sirius B is one of the more massive white dwarfs known (0.98 solar masses[83]); it is almost double the 0.5–0.6 solar-mass average. Yet that same mass is packed into a volume roughly equal to the Earth's.[83] The current surface temperature is 25,200 K.[7] However, since there is no internal heat source, Sirius B will steadily cool as the remaining heat is radiated into space over a period of more than two billion years.[84]

A white dwarf forms only after the star has evolved from the main sequence and then passed through a red giant stage. This occurred when Sirius B was less than half its current age, around 120 million years ago. The original star had an estimated 5 solar masses[7] and was a B-type star (roughly B4-5)[85][86] when it still was on the main sequence. While it passed through the red giant stage, Sirius B may have enriched the metallicity of its companion.

This star is primarily composed of a carbon–oxygen mixture that was generated by helium fusion in the progenitor star.[7] This is overlaid by an envelope of lighter elements, with the materials segregated by mass because of the high surface gravity.[87] Hence the outer atmosphere of Sirius B is now almost pure hydrogen—the element with the lowest mass—and no other elements are seen in this star's spectrum.[88]

[edit] Sirius star cluster

In 1909, Ejnar Hertzsprung was the first to suggest that Sirius was a member of the Ursa Major Moving Group, based on his observations of the system's movements across the sky. The Ursa Major Group is a set of 220 stars that share a common motion through space and were once formed as members of an open cluster, which has since become gravitationally unbound.[89] However, analyses in 2003 and 2005 found Sirius's membership in the group to be questionable: the Ursa Major Group has an estimated age of 500±100 million years, while Sirius, with metallicity similar to the Sun's, has an age that is only half this, making it too young to belong to the group.[7][90][91] Sirius may instead be a member of the proposed Sirius Supercluster, along with other scattered stars such as Beta Aurigae, Alpha Coronae Borealis, Beta Crateris, Beta Eridani and Beta Serpentis.[92] This is one of three large clusters located within 500 light-years (150 pc) of the Sun. The other two are the Hyades and the Pleiades, and each of these clusters consists of hundreds of stars.[93]

[edit] Etymology and cultural significance

See also: Winter triangle

The most commonly used proper name of this star comes from the Latin Sirius, from the Ancient Greek Se????? (Seirios, "glowing" or "scorcher"),[94] although the Greek word itself may have been imported from elsewhere before the Archaic period,[95] one authority suggesting a link with the Egyptian god Osiris.[96] The name's earliest recorded use dates from the 7th century BC in Hesiod's poetic work Works and Days.[95] Sirius has over 50 other designations and names attached to it.[64] In Geoffrey Chaucer's essay Treatise on the Astrolabe, it bears the name Alhabor, and is depicted by a hound's head. This name is widely used on medieval astrolabes from Western Europe.[13] In Sanskrit it is known as Mrgavyadha "deer hunter", or Lubdhaka "hunter". As Mrgavyadha, the star represents Rudra (Shiva).[97][98] The star is referred as Makarajyoti in Malayalam and has religious significance to the pilgrim center Sabarimala.[citation needed] In Scandinavia, the star has been known as Lokabrenna ("burning done by Loki", or "Loki's torch").[99] In the astrology of the Middle Ages, Sirius was a Behenian fixed star,[100] associated with beryl and juniper. Its astrological symbol was listed by Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa.[101]

Many cultures have historically attached special significance to Sirius, particularly in relation to dogs. Indeed, it is often colloquially called the "Dog Star" as the brightest star of Canis Major, the "Great Dog" constellation.

It was classically depicted as Orion's dog. The Ancient Greeks thought that Sirius's emanations could affect dogs adversely, making them behave abnormally during the "dog days," the hottest days of the summer. The Romans knew these days as dies caniculares, and the star Sirius was called Canicula, "little dog." The excessive panting of dogs in hot weather was thought to place them at risk of desiccation and disease. In extreme cases, a foaming dog might have rabies, which could infect and kill humans whom they had bitten.[25] Homer, in the Iliad, describes the approach of Achilles toward Troy in these words:

Sirius rises late in the dark, liquid sky
On summer nights, star of stars,
Orion's Dog they call it, brightest
Of all, but an evil portent, bringing heat
And fevers to suffering humanity.[102]

In Iranian mythology, especially in Persian mythology and in Zoroastrianism, the ancient religion of Persia, Sirius appears as Tishtrya and is revered as a divinity. Beside passages in the sacred texts of the Avesta, the Avestan language Tishtrya followed by the version Tir in Middle and New Persian is also depicted in the Persian epic Shahnameh of Ferdowsi. Due to the concept of the yazatas, powers which are "worthy of worship", Tishtrya is a divinity of rain and fertility and an antagonist of apaosha, the demon of drought. In this struggle, Tishtrya is beautifully depicted as a white horse.[103][104][105][106]

In Chinese astronomy the star is known as the star of the "celestial wolf" (Chinese and Japanese: ??; ; Chinese romanization: Tianláng; Japanese romanization: Tenro;[107] in the Mansion of Jing (??). Farther afield, many nations among the indigenous peoples of North America also associated Sirius with canines; the Seri and Tohono O'odham of the southwest note the star as a dog that follows mountain sheep, while the Blackfoot called it "Dog-face". The Cherokee paired Sirius with Antares as a dog-star guardian of either end of the "Path of Souls". The Pawnee of Nebraska had several associations; the Wolf (Skidi) tribe knew it as the "Wolf Star", while other branches knew it as the "Coyote Star". Further north, the Alaskan Inuit of the Bering Strait called it "Moon Dog".[108]

Several cultures also associated the star with a bow and arrows. The Ancient Chinese visualized a large bow and arrow across the southern sky, formed by the constellations of Puppis and Canis Major. In this, the arrow tip is pointed at the wolf Sirius. A similar association is depicted at the Temple of Hathor in Dendera, where the goddess Satet has drawn her arrow at Hathor (Sirius). Known as "Tir", the star was portrayed as the arrow itself in later Persian culture.[109]

Sirius is mentioned in Surah, An-Najm ("The Star"), of the Qur'an, where it is given the name ?????????? (transliteration: aš-ši‘ra or ash-shira; the leader).[110] The verse is: "??????? ???? ????? ??????????", "That He is the Lord of Sirius (the Mighty Star)." (An-Najm:49)[111] Ibn Kathir said in his commentary "Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid, Qatada and Ibn Zayd said about Ash-Shi`ra that it is the bright star, named Mirzam Al-Jawza' (Sirius), which a group of Arabs used to worship."[112] The alternate name Aschere, used by Johann Bayer, is derived from this.[12]

In Theosophy, it is believed the Seven Stars of the Pleiades transmit the spiritual energy of the Seven Rays from the Galactic Logos to the Seven Stars of the Great Bear, then to Sirius. From there is it sent via the Sun to the god of Earth (Sanat Kumara), and finally through the seven Masters of the Seven Rays to the human race.[113]

[edit] Dogon

See also: Nommo

The Dogon people are an ethnic group in Mali, West Africa, reported to have traditional astronomical knowledge about Sirius that would normally be considered impossible without the use of telescopes. According to Marcel Griaule's books Conversations with Ogotemmêli and The Pale Fox they knew about the fifty-year orbital period of Sirius and its companion prior to western astronomers. They also refer to a third star accompanying Sirius A and B. Robert Temple's 1976 book The Sirius Mystery, credits them with knowledge of the four Galilean moons of Jupiter and the rings of Saturn. This has been the subject of controversy and speculation. According to a 1978 Skeptical Inquirer article it is possibly the result of cultural contamination.[114] Some have suggested the contaminators to have been the ethnographers themselves.[115][116] Others see this explanation as being too simplistic.[117]

Yoonir, symbol of the Universe in Serer religion.[118][119]
[edit] Serer religion

Main articles: Serer religion and Saltigue

In the religion of the Serer people of Senegal, the Gambia and Mauritania, Sirius is called Yoonir from the Serer language (and some of the Cangin language speakers, who are all ethnically Serers). The star Sirius is one of the most important and sacred stars in Serer religious cosmology and symbolism. The Serer high priests and priestesses, (Saltigues, the hereditary "rain priests"[120]) chart Yoonir in order to forecast rain fall and enable Serer farmers to start planting seeds. In Serer religious cosmology, it is the symbol of the universe.[118][119]

[edit] Modern legacy

See also: Sirius in fiction

Sirius is frequently a subject used in science fiction and related popular culture,[121] and even the subject of poetry.[122] Sirius is featured on the coat of arms of Macquarie University, and is the name of its alumnae journal.[123] The name of the North American satellite radio company, Satellite CD Radio, Inc., was changed to Sirius Satellite Radio in November 1999, being named after "the brightest star in the night sky".[124] Composer Karlheinz Stockhausen has been claimed to have said on several occasions that he came from a planet in the Sirius system.[125][126] Astronomer Noah Brosch has speculated that the name of the character Sirius Black from the Harry Potter stories might have been inspired by "Sirius B", and notes that the wizard has the ability to transform into a dog.[122] In the BBC Doctor Who series, the Doctor reveals the star actually consists of two smaller ones.

Sirius is one of the 27 stars on the flag of Brazil, where it represents the state of Mato Grosso.[127]

Seven ships of Great Britain's Royal Navy have been called HMS Sirius since the 18th century, with the first being the flagship of the First Fleet to Australia in 1788.[128] The Royal Australian Navy subsequently named a vessel HMAS Sirius in honor of the flagship.[129] American vessels include the USNS Sirius as well as a monoplane model—the Lockheed Sirius, the first of which was flown by Charles Lindbergh.[130] The name was also adopted by Mitsubishi Motors for the Mitsubishi Sirius engine in 1980.[131]

[edit] See also

Star portal

List of brightest stars
List of nearest stars
Sothic cycle

[edit] Notes

1.^ a b c d Astrometric data, mirrored by SIMBAD from the Hipparcos catalogue, pertains to the center of mass of the Sirius system. See §2.3.4, Volume 1, The Hipparcos and Tycho Catalogues, European Space Agency, 1997, and the entry for Sirius in the Hipparcos catalogue (CDS ID I/239.)
2.^ For apparent magnitude m and parallax p, the absolute magnitude Mv of Sirius A is given by: See: Tayler, Roger John (1994). The Stars: Their Structure and Evolution. Cambridge University Press. p. 16. ISBN 0-521-45885-4.
3.^ Bolometric luminosity of Sirius B calculated from L=4pR2sTeff4. (This simplifies to Ls=(Rs)^2*(Ts)^4, where Ls, Rs and Ts are Luminosity, Radius and Temperature all relative to solar values) See: Tayler, Roger John (1994). The Stars: Their Structure and Evolution. Cambridge University Press. p. 16. ISBN 0-521-45885-4.
4.^ Two full 50.09-year orbits following the periastron epoch of 1894.13 gives a date of 1994.31.
5.^ 1 light year = 63,241 AU; semi-major axis = distance × tan(subtended angle) = 8.6 × 63,241 × tan(7.56?) = 19.9 A.U., approximately

[edit] References

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76.^ Backman, D. E. (June 30 – July 11, 1986). "IRAS observations of nearby main sequence stars and modeling of excess infrared emission". Proceedings, 6th Topical Meetings and Workshop on Cosmic Dust and Space Debris. Toulouse, France: COSPAR and IAF. Bibcode 1986AdSpR...6...43B. ISSN 0273-1177.
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82.^ Aurière, M.; et al. (November 2010). "No detection of large-scale magnetic fields at the surfaces of Am and HgMn stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics 523: A40. arXiv:1008.3086. Bibcode 2010A&A...523A..40A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014848.
83.^ a b "Astronomers Use Hubble to "Weigh" Dog Star's Companion". University of Leicester. 2005-12-01. Retrieved 2009-12-13.
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88.^ Holberg, J. B.; Barstow; Burleigh; Kruk; Hubeny; Koester; Barstow, M. A.; Burleigh, M. R.; Kruk, J. W.; Hubeny, I.; Koester, D. (2004). "FUSE observations of Sirius B". Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society 36: 1514. Bibcode 2004AAS...20510303H.
89.^ Frommert, Hartmut; Kronberg, Christine (April 26, 2003). "The Ursa Major Moving Cluster, Collinder 285". SEDS. Retrieved 2007-11-22.
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91.^ Croswell, Ken (July 27, 2005). "The life and times of Sirius B". Astronomy, online. Retrieved 2007-10-19.
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94.^ Liddell, Henry G.; Scott, Robert (1980). Greek-English Lexicon (Abridged ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-910207-4.
95.^ a b (Holberg 2007, pp. 15–16)
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[edit] Cited texts
Brosch, Noah (2008). Sirius Matters. Springer. ISBN 1-4020-8318-1
Holberg, J.B. (2007). Sirius: Brightest Diamond in the Night Sky. Chichester, UK: Praxis Publishing. ISBN 0-387-48941-X

[edit] External links

Look up dog days in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Sirius

Professor Kaler's webpage on Sirius
Astronomy Picture of the Day of Sirius B in x-ray
Discussion on Dogon issue
Sirius time
Barker, Tho.; Stukeley, W. (1760). "Remarks on the Mutations of the Stars". Philosophical Transactions 51 (0): 498–504. doi:10.1098/rstl.1759.0049. JSTOR 105393.

[show]
v ·
t ·
e

Nearest star systems

[show]
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e

Nearest bright star systems
[show]
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t ·
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Stars of Canis Major

Coordinates: 06h 45m 08.9173s, -16° 42' 58.017?

Categories: Bayer objects
Binary stars
Canis Major (constellation)
Flamsteed objects
Henry Draper Catalogue objects
Hipparcos objects
HR objects
Gliese and GJ objects
Mythological dogs
White dwarf stars
A-type main sequence stars
Stars with proper names

This page was last modified on 14 September 2012 at 10:49.

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Daily Mail

Monday February 23, 2009

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS

Compiled by Charles Legge

Page 57

QUESTION Are the three stars that make up Orion's belt a similar distance from the Earth or do they just appear that way?

ORION, the giant huntsman of Greek mythology whom Zeus placed among the stars as the constellation, has three stars of apparently similar brightness and colour (bluish-white) in his belt, given the Arabic names (from left to right) Alnitak, Alnilam and Mintaka.

In fact, Alnitak is 800 light years away from us, Alnilam 1,300 light years and Mintaka 900 light years. They appear in a straight line only in our line of sight.
Despite this, the three stars appear to be closely associated. Each is a luminous, hot supergiant having luminosities at least 100,000 times that of the Sun, and surface temperatures exceeding 25,000c (our Sun is 5,500c).

It's believed the three stars, and several other equally hot and luminous stars in the constellation Orion, were formed together as a close cluster. The passage of time has seen them drift apart.

Such luminous stars use up hydrogen at a prodigious rate so they're only a few million years old and have no more than a few million years to live before blowing themselves up in a supernova explosion.

These timescales are short in astronomical terms. Our Sun, with its far lower luminosity and lower fuel consumption, has shone for five billion years and is expected to shine steadily for the same amount of time before it, too, dies, in a much more sedate fashion than a supernova explosion.

The five billion years that our Sun has been around has meant that life has had time to develop on one of its planets — Earth.
It seems most unlikely that any hypopthetical planet around a star in Orion's belt could have developed sort of life when the history of the star, from birth to death, is only a few million years.

Norman Wallace, Sutton Coldfield, W Mids.

 

 

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ZEUS SEE US I ME YOU SEE ZEUS ME I ME ZEUS SEE YOU ME I US SEE ZEUS

 

 

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I AM ALL STARRY STARRY IDEA AM I ME I AM ALL STARRY STARRY IDEA AM I

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W
=
5
-
4
WHEN
50
23
5
Y
=
7
-
3
YOU
61
16
7
W
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5
-
4
WISH
59
23
5
U
=
3
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66
21
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-
1
A
1
1
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1
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58
13
4
-
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22
4
20
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295
97
25
-
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2+2
-
2+0
Add to Reduce
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9+7
2+5
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-
4
-
2
Second Total
16
16
7
-
-
-
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Reduce to Deduce
1+6
1+6
-
-
-
4
-
2
Essence of Number
7
7
7

 

 

O
=
6
-
6
OSIRIS
89
35
8
I
=
9
-
4
ISIS
56
20
2
O
=
6
-
5
ORION
71
35
8
-
-
21
4
15
Add to Reduce
216
90
18
-
-
2+1
-
1+5
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9+0
1+8
Q
-
3
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6
Essence of Number
9
9
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-
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R
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9
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9
1
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6
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9
19
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15
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27
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1+5
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9
9
9
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O
=
6
-
6
OSIRIS
89
35
8
O
=
6
-
5
ORION
71
35
8
-
-
12
4
11
Add to Reduce
160
70
16
-
-
1+2
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Reduce to Deduce
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Q
-
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Essence of Number
7
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=
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15
19
9
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9
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15
-
9
15
14
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124
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=
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I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
21
-
-
15
-
70
-
27
2+4
1+1
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
9
9
-
-
-
-
2+1
-
-
1+5
-
7+0
-
2+7
6
2
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
3
-
-
6
-
7
-
9
-
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
6
9
9
6
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
2
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
3
-
-
6
-
7
-
9

 

 

11
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
6
1
9
-
9
1
-
6
-
9
6
5
+
=
52
5+2
=
7
=
7
=
7
`-
15
19
9
-
9
19
-
15
-
9
15
14
+
=
124
1+2+4
=
7
=
7
=
7
11
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
=
9
=
9
`-
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
+
=
36
3+6
=
9
=
9
=
9
11
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
`-
15
19
9
18
9
19
-
15
18
9
15
14
+
=
160
1+6+0
=
7
=
7
=
7
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
6
9
9
6
5
+
=
70
7+0
=
7
=
7
=
7
11
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
2
=
2
=
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
5
occurs
x
1
=
5
=
5
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
6
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
3
=
18
1+8
9
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
9
9
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
5
=
45
4+5
9
11
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
21
-
-
15
-
70
-
27
1+1
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
9
9
-
-
-
-
2+1
-
-
1+5
-
7+0
-
2+7
2
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
3
-
-
6
-
7
-
9
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
6
9
9
6
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
O
R
I
O
N
-
-
3
-
-
6
-
7
-
9

 

 

O
=
6
-
6
ORION OSIRIS
160
70
7
S
=
1
-
-
NOSIS
76
22
4
S
=
1
-
-
SON IS
76
22
4
S
=
1
-
-
IS SON
76
22
4
S
=
1
-
-
NOSIS
76
22
4
O
=
6
-
6
ORION OSIRIS
160
70
7

 

GNOSIS GOD KNOWS THIS THAT THIS KNOWS GOD GNOSIS

 

 

3
THE
33
15
6
6
GOLDEN
57
30
3
6
GIRDLE
55
37
1
15
First Total
145
82
10
1+5
Add to Reduce
1+4+5
8+2
1+0
6
Second Total
10
10
1
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+0
1+0
-
6
Essence of Number
1
1
1

 

 

6
ORIONS
90
36
9
4
BELT
39
12
3
10
First Total
129
48
12
1+0
Add to Reduce
1+2+9
4+8
1+2
1
Second Total
12
12
3
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+2
1+2
-
1
Essence of Number
3
3
3

 

 

6
OSIRIS
89
35
8
2
IS
28
10
1
4
LORD
49
22
4
2
OF
21
12
3
4
TIME
47
20
2
18
First Total
234
99
9
1+8
Add to Reduce
2+3+4
9+9
-
9
Second Total
9
18
9
-
Reduce to Deduce
-
1+8
-
9
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

-
10
L
O
R
D
-
O
F
-
T
I
M
E
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
9
-
-
+
=
21
2+1
=
3
=
3
=
3
-
-
-
15
-
-
-
15
-
-
-
9
-
-
+
=
39
3+9
=
12
1+2
3
=
3
-
10
L
O
R
D
-
O
F
-
T
I
M
E
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
9
4
-
-
6
-
2
-
4
5
+
=
33
3+3
=
6
=
6
=
6
-
-
12
-
18
4
-
-
6
-
20
-
13
5
+
=
78
7+8
=
15
1+5
6
=
6
-
10
L
O
R
D
-
O
F
-
T
I
M
E
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
12
15
18
4
-
15
6
-
20
9
13
5
+
=
117
1+1+7
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
-
3
6
9
4
-
6
6
-
2
9
4
5
+
=
54
5+4
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
10
L
O
R
D
-
O
F
-
T
I
M
E
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
=
2
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
=
3
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
4
occurs
x
2
=
8
=
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
5
occurs
x
1
=
5
=
5
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
6
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
3
=
18
1+8
9
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
2
=
18
1+8
9
16
10
L
O
R
D
-
O
F
-
T
I
M
E
-
-
29
-
-
10
-
54
Q
36
1+6
1+0
-
6
-
-
-
6
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2+9
-
-
1+0
-
5+4
-
3+6
7
1
L
O
R
D
-
O
F
-
T
I
M
E
-
-
11
-
-
1
-
9
Q
9
-
-
3
6
9
4
-
6
6
-
2
9
4
5
-
-
1+1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
1
L
O
R
D
-
O
F
-
T
I
M
E
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
9
-
9

 

 

10
L
O
R
D
-
O
F
-
T
I
M
E
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
9
-
-
+
=
21
2+1
=
3
=
3
=
3
-
-
15
-
-
-
15
-
-
-
9
-
-
+
=
39
3+9
=
12
1+2
3
=
3
10
L
O
R
D
-
O
F
-
T
I
M
E
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
9
4
-
-
6
-
2
-
4
5
+
=
33
3+3
=
6
=
6
=
6
-
12
-
18
4
-
-
6
-
20
-
13
5
+
=
78
7+8
=
15
1+5
6
=
6
10
L
O
R
D
-
O
F
-
T
I
M
E
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
12
15
18
4
-
15
6
-
20
9
13
5
+
=
117
1+1+7
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
3
6
9
4
-
6
6
-
2
9
4
5
+
=
54
5+4
=
9
=
9
=
9
10
L
O
R
D
-
O
F
-
T
I
M
E
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
=
2
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
=
3
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
4
occurs
x
2
=
8
=
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
5
occurs
x
1
=
5
=
5
-
-
6
-
-
-
6
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
3
=
18
1+8
9
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
2
=
18
1+8
9
10
L
O
R
D
-
O
F
-
T
I
M
E
-
-
29
-
-
10
-
54
Q
36
1+0
-
6
-
-
-
6
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2+9
-
-
1+0
-
5+4
-
3+6
1
L
O
R
D
-
O
F
-
T
I
M
E
-
-
11
-
-
1
-
9
Q
9
-
3
6
9
4
-
6
6
-
2
9
4
5
-
-
1+1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
L
O
R
D
-
O
F
-
T
I
M
E
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
9
-
9

 

 

ORION OSIRIS SIRIUS IRIS ISIS ISIS IRIS SIRIUS OSIRIS ORION

69965 619991 199931 9991 9191 9191 9991 199931 619991 69965

ORION OSIRIS SIRIUS IRIS ISIS ISIS IRIS SIRIUS OSIRIS ORION

 

 

-
ORION
-
-
-
1
O
15
6
6
1
R
18
9
9
1
I
9
9
9
1
O
15
6
6
1
N
14
5
5
5
ORION
71
35
35
-
-
7+1
3+5
3+5
5
ORION
8
8
8

 

 

5
ORION
71
35
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
OR
33
15
6
4
IRON
56
29
2
2
IS
28
10
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
ORIONIS
99
54
9

 

 

5
ORION
71
35
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
ORIONIS
-
-
-
1
ORI
42
24
6
1
O
15
6
6
1
NIS
42
15
6
7
ORIONIS
99
54
18
-
-
9+9
5+4
1+8
7
ORIONIS
18
9
9
-
-
1+8
-
-
7
ORIONIS
9
9
9

 

 

5
ORION
71
35
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
ORIONIS
-
-
-
1
O
15
6
6
1
R
18
9
9
1
I
9
9
9
1
O
15
6
6
1
NIS
42
15
6
7
ORIONIS
99
54
36
-
-
9+9
5+4
3+6
7
ORIONIS
18
9
9
-
-
1+8
-
-
7
ORIONIS
9
9
9

 

ORION IS IS ORION

 

5
ORION
71
35
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
ORIONIS
-
-
-
1
O
15
6
6
1
R
18
9
9
1
I
9
9
9
1
O
15
6
6
1
N
14
5
5
1
I
9
9
9
1
S
19
10
1
7
ORIONIS
99
54
45
-
-
9+9
5+4
4+5
7
ORIONIS
18
9
9
-
-
1+8
-
-
7
ORIONIS
9
9
9

 

 

THE SIRIUS MYSTERY

Robert K.G..Temple

Page 69

" Back to Anubis. Wallis Budge says of him:26 'His worship is very ancient, and there is no doubt that even in the earliest times his cult was general in Egypt; it is probable that it is older than that of Osiris.' Also he points out here, as elsewhere, that the face of the deceased human becomes identified with Anubis, and it is just the head of Anubis which is symbolically represented by the jackal or dog. I have already pointed out that he is described as the circle or orbit separating the dark Nephthys from the light Isis or Sirius. In other words, I take Anubis to represent the orbit of Sirius B around Sirius A. We also find him described as 'time',27 a particularly intelligent way oflooking
at an orbit as progressive and sequential in time. 'Time the devourer', a motif common to us all, is no stranger to the Egyptians. It should not surprise us that Anubis is also represented as a devourer! More specifically, he is accused of
devouring the Apis bull. The Apis bull is the animal into which the dead Osiris was sewn and transported, according to a late legend which is widely known. But more basically, the 'Apis Bull' (the deity known under the Ptolemies as Serapis) is Asar-I;Iapi. It is Osiris himself! In The Gods of the Egyptians, we read 'Apis is called "the life of Osiris, the lord of heaven" , and 'Apis was, in fact, believed to be animated by the soul of Os iris, and to be Os iris incarnate'. 28
So, consequently, when Anubis devoured Apis, he was eating the husband of Isis! It is very colourfully represented in these dramatic mythological terms, but the meaning is clear.. We read later:29
'Others again are of the opinion that by Anubis is meant Time, and that his denomination of Kuon [the Greek word for 'dog'] does not so much allude to any likeness which he has to the dog, though this be the general rendering of the word, as to that other significance of the term taken from breeding; because Time begets all things out of itself, bearing them within itself, as it were in a womb. But this is one of those secret doctrines which are more fully made known to those who are initiated into the worship of Anubis. '
Exactly. A secret doctrine! What one would give for a fuller account! This is the trouble with most of our sources; they give away little except by inference. Secret doctrines are not scribbled down too frequently and left for posterity. The most secret doctrine" of the Dogon was only revealed with great reluctance after many, many years, and following upon a conference by the initiates. The Egyptians were no fools, and we can hardly expect them to have left papyri or ,texts specifically revealing in so many words what they were not supposed to reveal. We can only try to piece together clues. But we will see our clues eventually turn into a veritable avalanche.
The last passage from Wallis Budge was a quotation by him from Plutarch's 'Isis and Osiris'. Many Egyptologists have remarked on the irony that we have nowhere in Egyptian sources a full, coherent account of Isis and Os iris ­not even in all the sources put together! And we are forced to rely on Plutarch, who did preserve a long account which he wrote in his native Greek. Plutarch is thought to have been a priest himself, and was certainly a Delphic initiate.

Page 70

"He had a talent for befriending priests and priestesses. One of his best friends was the priestess Clea of the oracle at Delphi. His treatise 'Isis and Osiris' is dedicated to Clea and addressed to her. It begins with these words: 'All good things, my dear Clea, sensible men must ask from the gods; and especially do we pray that from those mighty gods we may, in our quest, gain a knowledge of themselves, so far as such a thing is attainable by men.' This gives some indication of what Plutarch was like as a man.
The Introduction to the Loeb edition of Is is and Osiris by F. C. Babbitt says: '[Plutarch] once visited Egypt, but how long he stayed and how much he learned we have no means of knowing. It is most likely that his treatise represents the knowledge current in his day, derived, no doubt, from two sources: books and priests.' It is certain that Plutarch's friend Clea, who was so important at Delphi, would have seen to it that Plutarch had ample introductions to leading priests of Egypt. This sort of thing was standard practice - as with the study of Egyptian religion and astronomy undertaken centuries earlier by the Greek scholar Eudoxus (colleague of Plato and Aristotle), who was given a letter of introduction to the last of the native Pharaohs, Nectanebo, by the Spartan general Agesilaus, and who in turn sent him off to associate with his priests. The fact that Plutarch's treatise is addressed to Cl ea may indicate a debt to her for its preparation as well as common religious enthusiasms. So, no doubt Plutarch did with the Egyptian priests what Griaule and Dieterlen did with the Dogon - drew some secret traditions out of them. It is thus not surprising that Plutarch's essay is more respected by Egyptologists than by classicists.
Plutarch says: 'Some are of the opinion that Anubis is Cronos.'30 Chronos, of course, was the Greek 'time the devourer', spelt with an h. Cronos in Latin is Saturn. There is a considerable debate among scholars whether Cronos (Sa turn), the former chief god prior to Zeus (J u pi ter), has any definite relation to the word chronos spelt with the h and sometimes used as a proper name for Time. From this latter word we derive chronology, chronicle, etc. The Sumerian god Anu is quite similar to the Greek Cronos because both Cronos and Anu were 'old' gods who were displaced by younger blood - by Zeus and Enlil
respectively. Thus another possible link between Anu and Anubis, if one be willing to grant that Cronos and Chronos are not entirely separate words and concepts in ancient pre-classical Greece.
Wallis Budge continues with reference to Plutarch:
Referring to Osiris as the 'common Reason which pervades both the superior and inferior regions of the universe', he [Plutarch] says that it is, moreover, called 'Anubis, and sometimes likewise Hermanubis (i.e. I:Ieru-em-Anpu); the first of these names expressing the relation it has to the superior, as the latter, to the inferior world. And for this reason it is, they sacrifice to him two Cocks, the one white, as a proper emblem of the purity and brightness of things above, the other of a saffron colour, expressive of that mixture and variety which is to found on those lower regions.'
Here is what I take to be a possible reference to the white Sirius A and the
'darker' Sir ius B. But also, the 'lower regions' are the horizons, where white heavenly bodies at their 'births' and 'deaths' become saffron-coloured.
There is a clearer translation by Babbitt in the precise description of Anubis / Page 71 / as 'the combined relation of the things'31 rather than as 'the common Reason which pervades' the light world and the dark world. A circular orbit is just that - 'a combined relation' between the star revolving and the star revolved around. In order to make this more firmly established less as fancy than as fact, I shall cite Plutarch's words from his next paragraph (Babbitt's translation):
'Moreover, they (the Egyptians) record that in the so-called books of Hermes (the Trismegistic literature?) it is written in regard to the sacred names
that they call the power which is assigned to direct the revolution of the Sun Horus . . .'
This is important because we see here that they specifically call the orbit of the sun by a god's name. If they can call the revolution of the sun by a god's name, they can call the revolution of Sirius B (assuming they really knew about it) by a god's name. We are dealing with a precedent. Now we resume this quotation because it is interesting for other reasons: '. . . but the Greeks call it Apollo; and the power assigned to the wind some call Osiris and others Serapis; and Sothis in Egyptian signifies "pregnancy" (cyesis) or "to be pregnant" (cyein): therefore in Greek, with a change of accent, the star is called the Dog-star (Cyon), which they regard as the special star of Isis.'
A further piece of information from Plutarch about Anubis is :32 I 'And when the child (Anubis, child of Nephthys by Osiris) had been found, after great toil and trouble, with the help of dogs which led Isis to it, it was brought up and became her guardian and attendant, receiving the name Anubis, and it is said to protect the gods just as dogs protect men.'
If Anubis is conceived of as an orbit around Sirius, then he would indeed be attendant upon Isis! He would go round and round her like a guard dog.
Plutarch has an interesting tale: 'Moreover, Eudoxus says that the Egyptians have a mythical tradition in regard to Zeus that, because his legs were grown together, he was not able to walk. . .'33 This sounds very like the amphibious Oannes of the Sumerians who had a tail for swimming instead of legs for walking.
Plutarch provides us with an important and crucial clue linking Isis with the Argo and the Argonauts and demonstrating a probable derivation of an idea that has puzzled classicists enormously (and later on we shall see the links between Isis and the Argo considerably elaborated): 'Like these also are the Egyptian beliefs; for they often times call 1sis by the name of Athena, expressive
of some such idea as this, "I came of myself," which is indicative of self­impelled motion. '34
I t must be remembered that the Greek goddess Athena, the goddess of the mind and of wisdom, was reputed to have sprung full-fledged from the brow of Zeus. She was not born. She came of herself. However, the quotation must be continued to make the point:
Typhon, as has been said, is named Seth and Bebon and Smu, and these names would indicate some forcible and preventive check or opposition or reversal.
Moreover, they call the lodestone the bone of Horus, and iron the bone of Typhon, as Manetho records. For, as the iron oftentimes acts as if it were being attracted and drawn toward the stone, and oftentimes is rejected / Page 72 / and repelled in the opposite direction, in the same way the salutary and good and rational movement of the world at one time, by persuasion, attracts and draws towards itself a:1d renders more gentle that harsh and Typhonian movement, and then again it gathers itself together and reverses it and plunges it into difficulties.
The identification of Isis with Athena here in connection with lodes tones and 'self-impelled motion' brings to mind the placing by Athena of a cybernetic* oak timber from the holy sanctuary of Dodona (supposedly founded by Deukalion, the Greek Noah, after his ark landed) in the keel of the Argo. H. W. Parke in his books Greek Oracles and The Oracles of Zeus refers to this: 'Athena when the Argo was built took a timber from the oak tree of Dodona (the oracular centre of Zeus) and fitted it into the keel. This had the result that the Argo itself could speak and guide or warn the Argonauts at critical moments, as it actually is represented as doing in our extant epics on the subject. The original epic is lost, but there is no reason to doubt that this miraculous feature went back to it, and, if so, was at least as old as the Odyssey in which the Argo and its story are mentioned.' Parke then emphasizes most strongly that it is the timber itself that acts as guide. It is self-sufficient and not merely an oracular medium. Thus we see that the Argo had a unique capacity for 'self­impelled motion' which was built into it by Athena (whom Plutarch identifies with Isis). 35
Now is a suitable stage to return to the Sumerians, as in their culture we shall find many significant references to 'fifty heroes', 'fifty great gods', etc. But first we shall leave the fifty Argonauts and their magical ship to turn our attention to what appears to be a rather precise Egyptian description of the Sirius system preserved in an unusual source. The source is G. R. S. Mead (who was a friend of the poet Yeats and is mentioned by his nickname 'Old Crore' in Ezra Pound's Cantos), whose three-volume Thrice Greatest Hermes36 contains a translation of, with extensive prolegomena and notes to, the obscure and generally ignored ancient 'Trismegistic literature' of the Hermetic tradition. These writings are largely scorned by classical scholars who consider them Neoplatonic forgeries. Of course, ever since the wild Neoplatonic boom in the Italian Renaissance period when Marsilio Ficino translated and thereby preserved for posterity (one must grant the Medicis the credit for finding and purchasing the manuscripts!) such Neoplatonists as Iamblichus, as well as these Trismegistic writings, the Neoplatonists have been in the doghouse. The Loeb Classical Library still has not published all of Plotinus even now.
But most readers will not be familiar either with the term 'trismegistic' or with the Neoplatonists. So I had better explain. The Neoplatonists are Greek philosophers who lived long enough after Plato to have lost the name of Platonists as far as modern scholars are concerned (though they were intellectual disciples of Plato and considered themselves Platonists). Modern scholars have added the prefix 'Neo-' to 'Platonist' for their own convenience, in order to / Page 73 / distinguish them from their earlier predecessors, those Platonists who lived within 150 years of Plato himself. The Platonic Academy existed for over nine centuries at Athens. In actuality, scholars talk about 'Middle Platonists', 'Syrian Platonists', 'Christian Platonists', 'Alexandrian Platonists', and so on. I suggest the reader look at my Appendix I, which will tell him a lot about the Neoplatonists and their connection with the Sirius mystery, and which deals primarily with Proclus.
G. R. S. Mead, at the beginning of his work Thrice Greatest Hermes, explains fully what 'the Trismegistic Literature' is. He calls it 'Trismegistic' instead of
by its earlier designation 'Hermetic' (from the name of the Greek god Hermes) in order to distinguish it from other less interesting writings such as the Egyptian Hermes prayers and also the 'Hermetic Alchemical Literature'. The Trismegistic writings are now fragmentary and consist of a large amount of exceedingly strange sermons, dialogues, excerpts by Stobaeus and the Fathers of the Church from lost writings, etc. I hesitate to give a brief summary of them and suggest that the interested reader actually look into this subject himself. There are some matters which defy summary, and I consider this to be one of them. The writings contain some 'mystical' elements and certainly some sublime elements. Old Cosimo de Medici was told by Ficino that he could translate for him either the Hermetic Literature or the dialogues of Plato, but not both at once. Cosimo knew he was dying. He said something like: 'If only I could read the Books of Hermes, I would die happy. Plato would be nice but not as important. Do the Hermes, Ficino.' And Ficino did.
As I explain fully in Appendix I, the Neoplatonists are so thoroughly despised through the bias of the moment, however one cares to define that bias, that "the Trismegistic literature suffers with Neoplatonism under the onus of being considered too far removed from reality and logic and being inclined towards the mystical. This does not fit well with the hard rationalism of an age still bound by the (albeit decaying) fetters of nineteenth-century scientific deterministic prejudice. The sublime irony is, of course, that proven and authentic Egyptian texts are obviously mystical, but that is considered all right. However, as long as there is a belief that the Trismegistic literature is Neoplatonic it will be despised because it is mystical.
The Trismegistic literature may be Neoplatonic. But that does not make what it has to say about Egyptian religion any less valid per se than the 'Isis and Osiris' by the Greek Plutarch, who was only slightly earlier in time than the Neoplatonist Greeks. It is time for scholars to pay some attention to this sadly neglected material. Much of the Trismegistic literature probably goes back to genuine sources or compilations such as Manetho's lost So this. Or the literature may be quite ancient, in which case some of it cannot, in its present form, be earlier than the Ptolemaic period when the Zodiac as we know it was introduced into Egypt by the Greeks who in turn had it from Babylon. (I cannot here discuss the matter of earlier forms of zodiac, such as at Denderah.)
"Mead quotes an Egyptian magic papyrus, this being an uncontested Egyptian document which he compares to a passage in the Trismegistic literature: 'I invoke thee, Lady Isis, with whom the Good Daimon doth unite, He who is Lord in the perfect black. '37
We know that Isis is identified with Sirius A, and here we may have a / Page 74 / description of her star-companion 'who is Lord in the perfect black', namely the invisible companion with whom she is united, Sirius B.
Mead, of course, had no inkling of the Sirius question. But he cited this magic papyrus in order to shed comparative light on some extraordinary passages in a Trismegistic treatise he translated which has the title 'The Virgin of the World'. In his comments on the magic papyrus Mead says: 'It is natural to make the Agathodaimon ("the Good Daimon") of the Papyrus refer to Osiris; for indeed it is one of his most frequent designations. Moreover, it is precisely Osiris who is pre-eminently connected with the so-called "under­world", the unseen world, the "mysterious dark". He is lord there. . . and indeed one of the ancient mystery-sayings was precisely, "Osiris is a dark God." ,
'The Virgin of the World' is an extraordinary Trismegistic treatise in the form of a dialogue between the hierophant (high priest) as spokesman for Isis and the neophyte who represents Horus. Thus the priest instructing the initiate is portrayed as Isis instructing her son Horus.
The treatise begins by claiming it is 'her holiest discourse' which 'so speaking Isis doth pour forth'. There is, throughout, a strong emphasis on the hierarchical principle of lower and higher beings in the universe - that earthly mortals are presided over at intervals by other, higher, beings who interfere in Earth's affairs when things here become hopeless, etc. Isis says in the treatise: 'It needs must, therefore, be the less should give place to the greater mysteries.' What she is to disclose to Horus is a great mystery. Mead describes it as the mystery practised by the arch-hierophant. It was the degree (here 'degree' is in the sense of 'degree' in the Masonic 'mysteries', which are hopelessly garbled and watered-down versions of genuine mysteries of earlier times) 'called the "Dark Mystery" or "Black Rite". It was a rite performed only for those who were judged worthy of it after long probation in lower degrees, something of a far more sacred character, apparently, than the instruction in the mysteries enacted in the light.'
Mead adds: 'I would suggest, therefore, that we have here a reference to the most esoteric institution of the Isiac tradition. . .', Isiac meaning of course 'Isis-tradition', and not to be confused with the Book of Isaiah in the Bible (so that perhaps it is best for us not to use the word-form 'Isiac').
It is in attempting to explain the mysterious 'Black Rite' of Isis at the highest degree of the Egyptian mysteries that Mead cited the magic papyrus which I have already quoted. He explains the 'Black Rite' as being connected with Osiris being a 'dark god' who is 'Lord of the perfect black' which is 'the unseen world, the mysterious black'.
This treatise 'The Virgin of the World' describes a personage called Hermes who seems to represent a race of beings who taught earthly mankind the arts of civilization after which: 'And thus, with charge unto his kinsmen of the Gods to keep sure watch, he mounted to the Stars'.
According to this treatise mankind have been a troublesome lot requiring scrutiny and, at rare intervals of crisis, intervention.
After Hermes left Earth to return to the stars there was or were in Egypt someone or some people designated as 'Tat' (Thoth) who were initiates into the celestial mysteries I take this to refer to to the Egyptian priests. However, one of the most significant passages in the treatsie follows immediately upon this / Page 75 / statement, and indicates to me that this treatise must have some genuine Egyptian source, for no late Greek should have been capable of incorporating this. But in order to recognize this one must know about the extraordinary Imhotep, a brilliant genius, philosopher, doctor, and Prime Minister (to use our terms) during the Third Dynasty in Egypt circa 2600 B.O. under King Zoser, whose tomb and temple he constructed and designed himself. (This is the famous step-pyramid at Sakkara, the first pyramid ever built and the world's earliest stone building according to some.) Imhotep was over the centuries gradually transformed into a god and 'a son of Ptah'. One reason why the process of his deification may have been retarded for some thousands of years is that writings by him survived, rather like the survival of the Cathas by Zarathustra (Zoroaster), making it impossible to claim that a man who left writings could in fact have been a god. Just like Mohammed and Zoroaster, Imhotep remained a sort of 'prophet' through his surviving writings.
For the significant passage, now, here is the entire paragraph: 'To him (Hermes) succeeded Tat, who was at once his son and heir unto these knowledges [this almost certainly implies a priesthood] ; and not long afterwards Asclepius­Imuth, according to the will of Ptah who is Hephaestus, and all the rest who were to make enquiry of the faithful certitude of heavenly contemplation, as Foreknowledge (or Providence) willed, Foreknowledge queen of all.'
Now this is a really striking passage. We have the mysterious 'Hermes' succeeded by an Egyptian priesthood of Thoth. Then 'not long afterwards' we have someone called Asclepius-Imuth 'according to the will of Ptah'. This is Imhotep! Ptah, known to the Greeks as Hephaestus, was considered the father of Imhotep in late Egyptian times. In fact, it is interesting that this text avoids the late form 'son of Ptah' to describe Imhotep. Imhotep was known to the Greeks and provided the basis for their god Asclepi us (the Greek god of medicine, corresponding to Imhotep's late form as Egyptian god of medicine). Imhotep is also spelled Imouthes, Imothes, Imutep, etc. Hence the form in this treatise 'Asclepius-Imuth' .
There is absolutely no question that Imhotep is being referred to here. And in the light of that, certain other statements in this passage become quite interesting.
It has already been mentioned that in a treatise like 'The Virgin of the World', where gods' names are thrown round like birdseed, the authors were exceedingly restrained to have avoided labelling Asclepius-Imhotep as 'a son of Ptah-Hephaestus'. This may, indeed, point to a genuine early source from the time before that when the Egyptians ceased to regard Imhotep as a mortal.
Hurry says :38
For many years Egyptologists have been puzzled to explain why Imhotep, who lived in the days of King Zoser, ca. 2900 B.O., was not ranked among the full gods of Egypt until the Persian period, dating from 525 B.O. The apotheosis of a man, however distinguished, so many centuries after his life on earth seems mysterious. The explanation appears to be that first
suggested by Erman, viz. that Imhotep, at any rate during a large part of the interval was regarded as a sort of hero or demigod and received semi­divine worship. Erman suggested that this rank of demigod was bestowed / Page 76 / on him at the time of the New Kingdom, i.e. about 1580 B.C., but more recent evidence seems to indicate that this demigod stage was reached at a much earlier period.
Here a bit of chronology helps. 'The Virgin of the World' correctly described Imhotep as 'not long afterwards', following upon the creation of the Egyptian priesthood, presumably in the First Dynasty after Menes, in the form in which it would be known after the unification of Egypt. Imhotep lived in the Third Dynasty, at the beginning of the Old Kingdom. I. E. S. Edwards39 estimates this as commencing about 2686 B.G. He puts the start of the First Dynasty about 3100 B.G. Imhotep is thus literally 'not long afterwards'. Whoever wrote 'The Virgin of the World' knew his Egyptian chronology and also did not call Imhotep 'son of Ptah'.
There is another point. Looking at this statement from 'The Virgin of the World': '. . . and all the rest (i.e. after Imhotep) who were to make enquiry of the faithful certitude of heavenly contemplation. . .', we find that we have a
reference to successors of Imhotep who 'enquired' into the riddles of the universe and also a description of Imhotep's own activities as an 'enquirer'. This also is accurate and reflects considerable knowledge of the subject. For Imhotep is often described as the first genuine philosopher known by name.
And on p. 30 of his book, Hurry refers to apparent successors mentioned in an
Oxyrhyncus papyrus (in Greek, edited by Grenfell and Hunt) which relates that 'Imhotep was worshipped as early as the IVth Dynasty, and his temple was resorted to by sick and afflicted persons'. Hurry further says: 'The other persons are Horus son of Hermes, and Kaleoibis son of Apollo (Imhotep being a son of Pta h) ; it is not known who these were.' Could they have been successors
of Imhotep at 'enquiring'? It seems likely that we shall be learning more of these people as excavations in Egypt proceed. In 1971-2 there came to light at Sakkara a remarkable group of texts written by a man named Hor (from Horus), describing his life at an Egyptian temple in the Ptolemaic period, recounting his dreams and his political encounters. These texts should have been published by 1976 by the Egypt Exploration Society.
Hurry refers to the Trismegistic (Hermetic) literature as follows: 'If the references to Imhotep in Hermetic literature can be trusted, he was also interested in astronomy and astrology, although no special observations are associated with his name. Sethe gives various references to that literature, showing that Imhotep was reputed to have been associated with the god Thoth (Hermes) in astronomical observations.'4o Obviously Imhotep, as chief priest under King Zoser (for he held that office as well), was associated with Thoth
(Tat) in the form of the priesthood previously mentioned who had the 'Dark Rite' as their highest mystery. Here is actual confirmation, then, that it was astronomical matters with which they dealt. In other words, my astronomical interpretation receives some confirmation from this source as well. It is nice when loose ends tie up.
Inscriptions in a temple at Edfu built by Ptolemy In Euergetes I (237 B.G.) describe Imhotep as 'the great priest Imhotep the son of Ptah, who speaks or lectures'. Hurry says 'Imhotep enjoyed the reputation of being "one of the greatest of Egyptian sages" ;41 his fame for wisdom made so deep an impression / Page 77 / on his countrymen that it endured as a national tradition for many centuries.
'As regards his literary activities, he is said to have produced works on medicine and architecture, as well as on more general subjects, and some of his works were extant at the dawn of the Christian era. . . . his eminence as a man of letters led him to be recognized as the "patron of scribes." ,
In other words, he was the first great philosopher. And he obviously 'spoke and lectured' in his lifetime. Perhaps he was the first classical Greek in prototype. We also have something to look forward to - his tomb has yet to be discovered. It is thought to be at Sakkara, and the late Professor Emery more than once thought he had come close to discovering it in his excavations there, which are now being carried on by Professor Smith, who is a man with a strange enough aura about him to convince anyone that he is capable of making a discovery which would be the most important in archaeological history and beside which the minor and later tomb of a boy Pharaoh named Tutankhamen would entirely pale by comparison. But perhaps the most interesting thing about the possible forthcoming discovery of Imhotep's tomb is that it will almost certainly be full of books. Would a man like Imhotep be buried without them?

"Bearing these books in mind (and I am sure they are there waiting under­ground like a time bomb for us), it is interesting to read this passage in 'The Virgin of the World' following shortly upon that previously quoted:
The sacred symbols of the cosmic elements were hid away hard by the secrets of Osiris. Hermes, ere he returned to Heaven, invoked a spell on them, and spake these words: . . . 'O holy books, who have been made by my immortal hands, by incorruption's magic spells. . . (at this point there is a lacuna as the text is hopeless) . . . free from decay throughout eternity remain and incorrupt from time! Become unseeable, unfindable, for every one whose foot shall tread the plains of this land, until old Heaven doth bring forth meet instruments for you, whom the Creator shall call souls.'
Thus spake he; and, laying spells on them by means of his own works, he shut them safe away in their own zones. And long enough the time has been since they were hid away.
In the treatise the highest objective of ignorant men searching for the truth
is described as: '(Men) will seek out. . . the inner nature of the holy spaces which no foot may tread, and will chase after them into the height, desiring to observe the nature of the motion of the Heaven.
'These are as yet moderate things. For nothing more remains than Earth's remotest realms; nay, in their daring they will track out Night, the farthest Night of all.'
We 'will chase out into the height' of space to 'observe the nature of the motions of the Heavens', says this old (indeterminately old) treatise. How correct it was. We have now landed on the moon, which is 'chasing out into the height' with a vengeance. And we are indeed 'observing the nature of the motion of the Heavens'. And the treatise is also right in saying that 'these are yet moderate things'. For, as everyone knows, the people in the space programme feel as if they have only just begun. Man will only pause properly again when he has made the entire solar system his familiar and his own. Then we shall / Page 78 / be faced with the limitations of our solar system and the barrier that separates it from the stars. What then ? Yes, what we have done to date certainly deserves the description of 'yet moderate things'. Vasco da Gama may have congratulated himself on his brilliant navigational accomplishments, but as we can clearly see in his case, a beginning is only a beginning. It is 'yet moderate things'.
According to the treatise, after these moderate things we shall 'in our daring' even learn the greatest secret. . . we shall discover 'Night'. And the meaning of the 'Dark Rite' will become clear. And as this rite and this mystery concern Isis and the star Sirius and by the context of this prophecy clearly concerns the heavens, can we be accused of sensationalism in making the suggestion that nothing would shake up the human race more than having the discovery of intelligent life elsewhere in the universe proven for the first time? And what if the dark companion of Sirius really does hold the answer to this mystery? What if the nearest centre of civilization really is based at the Sirius system and keeps a watchful eye on us from time to time? What if this is proven by our detecting on our radio telescopes actual traces of local radio communica.. tions echoing down those nine light years of space in the vast spreading ripple of disintegrating signals that any culture remotely near to us in development would be bound to dribble forth into the surrounding universe? What if this happens ? I t will be like the sky falling in, won't it?

Page 72 Note

"* Norbert Wiener in Cybernetics, the pioneer textbook of computer theory, said: 'We have decided to call the entire field of control and communication theory, whether in the machine or
in the animal) by the name Cybernetics. . . (from the Greek for) steersman.'

 

 

 

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-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
2
=
2
=
2
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
=
3
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
3
=
27
2+7
9
6
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
13
-
-
6
-
32
-
14
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
-
1+3
-
-
-
-
3+2
-
1+4
6
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
4
-
-
6
-
5
-
5
-
1
9
9
9
3
1
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
6
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
4
-
-
6
-
5
-
5

 

 

SIRIUS R U SERIOUS SERIOUS U R SIRIUS

O

U

R

SERIOUS

 

20
OSIRIS IRIS ISIS SIRIUS
-
-
-
-
O+S
34
16
7
-
I
9
9
9
-
R
18
9
9
-
I
9
9
9
-
S
19
10
1
-
I
9
9
9
-
R
18
9
9
-
I
9
9
9
-
S
19
10
1
-
I
9
9
9
-
S
19
10
1
-
I
9
9
9
-
S
19
10
1
-
S
19
10
1
-
I
9
9
9
-
R
18
9
9
-
I
9
9
9
-
U+S
40
13
4
20
OSIRIS IRIS ISIS SIRIUS
-
-
-

 

 

20
ISIS IRIS OSIRIS SIRIUS
-
-
-
4
ISIS
56
38
2
4
IRIS
55
37
1
6
OSIRIS
89
44
8
6
SIRIUS
95
50
5
20
ISIS IRIS OSIRIS SIRIUS
295
169
16
2+0
-
2+9+5
1+6+9
1+6
20
ISIS IRIS OSIRIS SIRIUS
16
16
7
-
-
1+6
1+6
-
20
ISIS IRIS OSIRIS SIRIUS
7
7
7

 

 

-
ISIS OSIRIS
-
-
-
4
ISIS
56
38
2
6
OSIRIS
89
44
8
10
ISIS OSIRIS
145
82
10
1+0
-
1+4+5
8+2
1+0
1
ISIS OSIRIS
10
10
1
-
-
1+0
1+0
-
1
ISIS OSIRIS
1
1
1

 

 

-
IRIS OSIRIS
-
-
-
4
IRIS
55
37
1
6
OSIRIS
89
44
8
10
IRIS OSIRIS
144
81
9
1+0
-
1+4+4
8+1
-
1
IRIS OSIRIS
9
9
9

 

 

4
ISIS
9
1
9
1
-
-
4
IRIS
9
9
9
1
-
-
6
OSIRIS
6
1
9
9
9
1
6
SIRIUS
1
9
9
9
3
1

 

 

-
ISIS OSIRIS
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
ISIS
9
1
9
1
-
-
6
OSIRIS
6
1
9
9
9
1
10
ISIS OSIRIS
15
2
18
10
9
1
1+0
-
1+5
-
1+8
1+0
-
-
1
ISIS OSIRIS
6
2
9
1
9
1

 

 

-
IRIS OSIRIS
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
IRIS
9
9
9
1
-
-
6
OSIRIS
6
1
9
9
9
1
10
IRIS OSIRIS
15
10
18
10
9
1
1+0
-
1+5
1+0
1+8
1+0
-
-
1
IRIS OSIRIS
6
1
9
1
9
1

 

 

10
I
R
I
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
9
9
9
1
6
1
9
9
9
1
10
I
R
I
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
10
I
R
I
S
O
S
I
R
I
S

 

 

10
I
S
I
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
9
9
9
1
6
1
9
9
9
1
10
I
S
I
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
10
I
S
I
S
O
S
I
R
I
S

 

 

10
I
S
I
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
1
6
1
9
9
9
1
+
=
55
5+5
=
10
1+0
=
1
10
I
S
I
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
1
+
=
4
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
6
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
+
=
45
4+5
=
9
-
-
-
10
I
S
I
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
55
-
-
19
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5+5
-
-
1+9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
10
-
-
10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+0
-
-
1+0
-
-
-
10
I
S
I
S
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
-
-

 

 

8
I
S
I
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
1
9
1
9
9
9
1
+
=
48
4+8
=
12
1+2
=
3
8
I
S
I
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
1
+
=
3
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
9
-
9
-
9
9
9
-
+
=
45
4+5
=
9
-
-
-
8
I
S
I
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
48
-
-
12
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4+8
-
-
1+2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
12
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+2
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
I
S
I
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
3
-
-
3
-
-
-

 

 

20
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
S
I
S
I
R
I
S
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
9
1
9
1
9
9
9
1
1
9
9
9
3
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
20
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
S
I
S
I
R
I
S
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
-
-
1
+
=
7
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
+
=
3
-
-
3
-
6
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
6
-
-
6
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
9
-
9
-
9
9
9
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
+
=
99
9+9
=
18
20
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
S
I
S
I
R
I
S
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
9
-
9
-
9
9
9
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
20
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
S
I
S
I
R
I
S
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
9
-
9
-
9
-
9
-
9
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
+
=
72
7+2
=
9
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
-
-
1
+
=
7
-
-
7
20
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
S
I
S
I
R
I
S
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-

 

 

12
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
+
=
36
3+6
=
9
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
+
=
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
9
-
9
1
-
1
9
-
9
-
1
+
=
40
4+0
=
4
-
-
-
12
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
1
9
9
9
3
1
+
=
67
6+7
=
13
1+3
=
4
12
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
+
=
4
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
+
=
3
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
6
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
6
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
+
=
54
5+4
=
-
-
-
9
12
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

 

 

1
occurs
x
4
=
4
-
-
4
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
-
-
3
6
occurs
x
1
=
6
-
-
6
9
occurs
x
6
=
54
5+4
=
9
19
-
-`
12
-
67
-
 -
22
1+9
-
-
1+2
-
6+7
-
-
2+2
10
-
-
3
-
13
-
-
4
1+0
-
-
-
-
1+3
-
-
-
1
-
-
7
-
4
-
-
4

 

 

16
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
R
I
S
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
9
1
9
1
1
9
9
9
3
1
9
9
3
1
-
-
-
-
-
16
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
R
I
S
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
9
9
9
1
1
9
9
9
3
1
+
=
95
9+5
=
14
1+4
=
5
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
-
-
1
+
=
5
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
+
=
3
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
6
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
6
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
9
9
9
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
+
=
81
8+1
=
-
-
-
9
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
R
I
S
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
9
9
9
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
R
I
S
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
9
-
9
-
9
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
+
=
54
5+4
=
-
-
-
9
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
-
-
1
+
=
5
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
R
I
S
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
59
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5+9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
R
I
S
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
14
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
I
R
I
S
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
-

 

 

1
occurs
x
5
=
5
-
-
5
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
-
-
3
6
occurs
x
1
=
6
-
-
6
9
occurs
x
9
=
81
8+1
=
9
19
-
-`
16
-
95
-
-
23
1+9
-
-
1+6
-
9+5
-
-
2+3
10
-
-
7
-
14
-
-
5
1+0
-
-
-
-
1+4
-
-
-
1
-
-
7
-
5
-
-
5

 

 

12
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
S
O
T
H
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
19
9
18
9
21
19
-
19
15
20
8
9
19
+
=
185
1+8+5
=
14
1+4
=
5
12
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
S
O
T
H
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
9
9
9
3
1
-
1
6
2
8
9
1
+
=
59
5+9
=
14
1+4
=
5
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
+
=
4
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
+
=
2
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
3
-
--
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
+
=
6
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
+
=
8
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
+
=
36
3+6
=
-
-
-
9
12
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
S
O
T
H
I
S
+
=
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
+
=
27
2+7
=
-
-
-
9
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
+
=
4
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
S
O
T
H
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

 

 

R
=
9
-
6
RE ATUM
78
24
6
1
S
=
1
-
3
SHU
48
12
3
2
T
=
2
-
6
TEFNUT
86
23
5
3
G
=
7
-
3
GEB
14
14
5
4
N
=
5
-
3
NUT
55
10
1
5
O
=
6
-
6
OSIRIS
89
35
8
6
I
=
9
-
4
ISIS
56
20
2
7
S
=
1
-
3
SET
44
8
8
8
N
=
5
-
8
NEPHTHYS
115
43
7
9
-
-
45
-
42
First Total
585
189
45
45
-
-
4+5
-
4+2
Add to Reduce
5+8+5
1+8+9
4+5
4+5
-
-
9
-
6
Second Total
18
18
9
9
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+8
1+8
-
-
-
-
9
-
6
Essence of Number
9
9
9
9

 

 

3
THE
33
15
6
5
ENNEA
39
21
3

 

 

-
8
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
5
5
-
-
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
-
9
=
9
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
14
14
-
-
+
=
36
3+6
=
9
-
9
=
9
-
8
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
`-
2
-
5
-
5
-
-
5
1
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
-
9
=
9
-
-
20
-
5
-
5
-
-
5
1
+
=
36
3+6
=
9
-
9
=
9
-
8
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
`-
20
8
5
-
5
14
14
5
1
+
=
72
7+2
=
9
-
9
=
9
-
-
2
8
5
-
5
5
5
5
1
+
=
36
3+6
=
9
-
9
=
9
-
8
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
1
=
1
=
1
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
=
2
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
5
5
5
5
-
-
-
5
occurs
x
5
=
25
2+5
7
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
occurs
x
1
=
8
=
8
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
29
8
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
-
-
16
-
-
8
-
36
-
18
2+9
-
-
-
5
-
5
5
5
5
-
-
-
1+6
-
-
-
-
3+6
-
1+8
11
8
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
-
-
7
-
-
8
-
9
-
9
1+1
-
2
8
5
-
5
5
5
5
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
8
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
-
-
7
-
-
8
-
9
-
9

 

 

8
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
5
5
-
-
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
-
9
=
9
-
-
8
-
-
-
14
14
-
-
+
=
36
3+6
=
9
-
9
=
9
8
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
`-
2
-
5
-
5
-
-
5
1
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
-
9
=
9
-
20
-
5
-
5
-
-
5
1
+
=
36
3+6
=
9
-
9
=
9
8
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
`-
20
8
5
-
5
14
14
5
1
+
=
72
7+2
=
9
-
9
=
9
-
2
8
5
-
5
5
5
5
1
+
=
36
3+6
=
9
-
9
=
9
8
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
1
=
1
=
1
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
=
2
-
-
-
5
-
5
5
5
5
-
-
-
5
occurs
x
5
=
25
2+5
7
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
occurs
x
1
=
8
=
8
8
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
-
-
16
-
-
8
-
36
-
18
-
-
-
5
-
5
5
5
5
-
-
-
1+6
-
-
-
-
3+6
-
1+8
8
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
-
-
7
-
-
8
-
9
-
9
-
2
8
5
-
5
5
5
5
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
-
-
7
-
-
8
-
9
-
9

 

 

 

-
9
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
D
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
5
5
-
-
-
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
14
14
-
-
-
+
=
36
3+6
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
9
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
D
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
`-
2
-
5
-
5
-
-
5
1
4
+
=
22
2+2
=
4
=
4
=
4
-
-
20
-
5
-
5
-
-
5
1
4
+
=
40
4+0
=
4
=
4
=
4
-
9
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
D
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
`-
20
8
5
-
5
14
14
5
1
4
+
=
76
7+6
=
13
1+3
4
=
4
-
-
2
8
5
-
5
5
5
5
1
4
+
=
40
4+0
=
4
=
4
=
4
-
9
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
D
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
1
=
1
=
1
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
=
2
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
4
occurs
x
1
=
4
=
4
-
-
-
-
5
-
5
5
5
5
-
-
-
-
5
occurs
x
5
=
25
2+5
7
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
occurs
x
1
=
8
=
8
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
25
9
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
D
-
-
20
-
-
9
-
40
-
22
2+5
-
2
8
5
-
5
5
5
5
1
4
-
-
2+0
-
-
-
-
4+0
-
2+2
7
9
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
D
-
-
2
-
-
9
-
4
-
4

 

 

9
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
D
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
5
5
-
-
-
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
-
8
-
-
-
14
14
-
-
-
+
=
36
3+6
=
9
=
9
=
9
9
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
D
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
`-
2
-
5
-
5
-
-
5
1
4
+
=
22
2+2
=
4
=
4
=
4
-
20
-
5
-
5
-
-
5
1
4
+
=
40
4+0
=
4
=
4
=
4
9
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
D
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
`-
20
8
5
-
5
14
14
5
1
4
+
=
76
7+6
=
13
1+3
4
=
4
-
2
8
5
-
5
5
5
5
1
4
+
=
40
4+0
=
4
=
4
=
4
9
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
D
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
1
=
1
=
1
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
=
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
4
occurs
x
1
=
4
=
4
-
-
-
5
-
5
5
5
5
-
-
-
-
5
occurs
x
5
=
25
2+5
7
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
occurs
x
1
=
8
=
8
9
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
D
-
-
20
-
-
9
-
40
-
22
-
2
8
5
-
5
5
5
5
1
4
-
-
2+0
-
-
-
-
4+0
-
2+2
9
T
H
E
-
E
N
N
E
A
D
-
-
2
-
-
9
-
4
-
4

 

 

9
9
T
H
E
-
F
A
M
I
L
Y
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
+
=
17
1+7
=
8
=
8
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
+
=
17
1+7
=
8
=
8
9
9
T
H
E
-
F
A
M
I
L
Y
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
2
-
5
-
6
1
4
9
3
7
+
=
28
2+8
=
10
1+0
1
-
-
20
-
5
-
6
1
13
9
12
25
+
=
82
8+2
=
10
1+0
1
9
9
T
H
E
-
F
A
M
I
L
Y
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
20
8
5
-
6
1
13
9
12
25
+
=
99
9+9
=
18
1+8
9
-
-
2
8
5
-
6
1
4
9
3
7
+
=
45
4+5
=
9
-
9
9
9
T
H
E
-
F
A
M
I
L
Y
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
1
=
1
2
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
4
occurs
x
1
=
4
5
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
occurs
x
1
=
5
6
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
1
=
6
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
7
occurs
x
1
=
7
8
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
occurs
x
1
=
8
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
1
=
9
45
9
T
H
E
-
F
A
M
I
L
Y
-
-
45
-
-
9
-
45
4+5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
4+5
-
-
-
-
4+5
9
9
T
H
E
-
F
A
M
I
L
Y
-
-
9
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
2
8
5
-
6
1
4
9
3
7
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
9
9
T
H
E
-
F
A
M
I
L
Y
-
-
9
-
-
9
-
9

 


Osiris - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osiris
The cult of Osiris (who was a god chiefly of regeneration and rebirth) had a particularly strong interest toward the concept of immortality. Plutarch recounts one ...

Osiris
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Osiris
Osiris, lord of the dead. His green skin symbolizes re-birth.
God of the afterlife

Name in hieroglyphs
Major cult center

Abydos
Symbol
Crook and flail

Parents
Geb and Nut

Siblings
Isis, Set, Nephthys, (and Arueris as per Plutarch)

Consort
Isis

Osiris ( /o?'sa??r?s/; Ancient Greek: ?s????, also Usiris; the Egyptian language name is variously transliterated Asar, Asari, Aser, Ausar, Ausir, Wesir, Usir, Usire or Ausare) was an Egyptian god, usually identified as the god of the afterlife, the underworld and the dead. He was classically depicted as a green-skinned man with a pharaoh's beard, partially mummy-wrapped at the legs, wearing a distinctive crown with two large ostrich feathers at either side, and holding a symbolic crook and flail.

Osiris was at times considered the oldest son of the Earth god Geb,[1] and the sky goddess Nut, as well as being brother and husband of Isis, with Horus being considered his posthumously begotten son.[1] He was also associated with the epithet Khenti-Amentiu, which means "Foremost of the Westerners" — a reference to his kingship in the land of the dead.[2] As ruler of the dead, Osiris was also sometimes called "king of the living", since the Ancient Egyptians considered the blessed dead "the living ones".[3]

Osiris is first attested in the middle of the Fifth dynasty of Egypt, although it is likely that he was worshipped much earlier;[4] the term Khenti-Amentiu dates to at least the first dynasty, also as a pharaonic title. Most information we have on the myths of Osiris is derived from allusions contained in the Pyramid Texts at the end of the Fifth Dynasty, later New Kingdom source documents such as the Shabaka Stone and the Contending of Horus and Seth, and much later, in narrative style from the writings of Greek authors including Plutarch[5] and Diodorus Siculus.[6]

Osiris was considered not only a merciful judge of the dead in the afterlife, but also the underworld agency that granted all life, including sprouting vegetation and the fertile flooding of the Nile River. He was described as the "Lord of love",[7] "He Who is Permanently Benign and Youthful"[8] and the "Lord of Silence".[9] The Kings of Egypt were associated with Osiris in death — as Osiris rose from the dead they would, in union with him, inherit eternal life through a process of imitative magic. By the New Kingdom all people, not just pharaohs, were believed to be associated with Osiris at death, if they incurred the costs of the assimilation rituals.[10]

Through the hope of new life after death, Osiris began to be associated with the cycles observed in nature, in particular vegetation and the annual flooding of the Nile, through his links with Orion and Sirius at the start of the new year.[8] Osiris was widely worshiped as Lord of the Dead until the suppression of the Egyptian religion during the Christian era.[11][12]

1 Appearance
2 Early mythology
3 Mythology
4 Judgment
5 Greco-Roman era

6 See also
7 Notes
8 References
9 External links

[edit] Appearance

Osiris is represented in his most developed form of iconography wearing the Atef crown, which is similar to the White crown of Upper Egypt, but with the addition of two curling ostrich feathers at each side (see also Atef crown (hieroglyph)). He also carries the crook and flail. The crook is thought to represent Osiris as a shepherd god. The symbolism of the flail is more uncertain with shepherds whip, fly-whisk, or association with the god Andjety of the ninth nome of Lower Egypt proposed.[8]

He was commonly depicted as a green (the color of rebirth) or black (alluding to the fertility of the Nile floodplain) complexioned pharaoh, in mummiform (wearing the trappings of mummification from chest downward).[13] He was also depicted rarely as a lunar god with a crown encompassing the moon.

[edit] Early mythology

The Pyramid Texts describe early conceptions of an after life in terms of eternal travelling with the sun god amongst the stars. Amongst these mortuary texts, at the beginning of the 4th dynasty, is found: "An offering the king gives and Anubis". By the end of the 5th dynasty, the formula in all tombs becomes "An offering the king gives and Osiris".[14]

[edit] Father of Horus

The gods Osiris, Anubis, and Horus, from a tomb painting.
Osiris is the mythological father of the god Horus, whose conception is described in the Osiris myth, a central myth in ancient Egyptian belief. The myth described Osiris as having been killed by his brother Set, who wanted Osiris' throne. Isis briefly brought Osiris back to life by use of a spell that she learned from her father. This spell gave her time to become pregnant by Osiris before he again died. Isis later gave birth to Horus. As such, since Horus was born after Osiris' resurrection, Horus became thought of as a representation of new beginnings and the vanquisher of the evil Set.

Ptah-Seker (who resulted from the identification of Ptah as Seker), who was god of re-incarnation, thus gradually became identified with Osiris, the two becoming Ptah-Seker-Osiris. As the sun was thought to spend the night in the underworld, and subsequently be re-incarnated, Ptah-Seker-Osiris was identified as both king of the underworld, and god of reincarnation.

[edit] Ram god

Banebdjed
(b3-nb-?d)
in hieroglyphs

Osiris' soul, or rather his Ba, was occasionally worshipped in its own right, almost as if it were a distinct god, especially in the Delta city of Mendes. This aspect of Osiris was referred to as Banebdjedet, which is grammatically feminine (also spelt "Banebded" or "Banebdjed"), literally "the ba of the lord of the djed, which roughly means The soul of the lord of the pillar of stability. The djed, a type of pillar, was usually understood as the backbone of Osiris, and, at the same time, as the Nile, the backbone of Egypt.

The Nile, supplying water, and Osiris (strongly connected to the vegetation) who died only to be resurrected, represented continuity and stability. As Banebdjed, Osiris was given epithets such as Lord of the Sky and Life of the (sun god) Ra, since Ra, when he had become identified with Atum, was considered Osiris' ancestor, from whom his regal authority is inherited. Ba does not mean "soul" in the western sense, and has to do with power, reputation, force of character, especially in the case of a god.

Since the ba was associated with power, and also happened to be a word for ram in Egyptian, Banebdjed was depicted as a ram, or as Ram-headed. A living, sacred ram, was kept at Mendes and worshipped as the incarnation of the god, and upon death, the rams were mummified and buried in a ram-specific necropolis. Banebdjed was consequently said to be Horus' father, as Banebdjed was an aspect of Osiris.

Regarding the association of Osiris with the ram, the god's traditional crook and flail are the instruments of the shepherd, which has suggested to some scholars also an origin for Osiris in herding tribes of the upper Nile. The crook and flail were originally symbols of the minor agricultural deity Andjety, and passed to Osiris later. From Osiris, they eventually passed to Egyptian kings in general as symbols of divine authority.

[edit] Mythology

The family of Osiris. Osiris on a lapis lazuli pillar in the middle, flanked by Horus on the left and Isis on the right (22nd dynasty, Louvre, Paris)

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The cult of Osiris (who was a god chiefly of regeneration and rebirth) had a particularly strong interest toward the concept of immortality. Plutarch recounts one version of the myth in which Set (Osiris' brother), along with the Queen of Ethiopia, conspired with 72 accomplices to plot the assassination of Osiris.[15] Set fooled Osiris into getting into a box, which Set then shut, sealed with lead, and threw into the Nile (sarcophagi were based on[citation needed] the box in this myth). Osiris' wife, Isis, searched for his remains until she finally found him embedded in a tree trunk, which was holding up the roof of a palace in Byblos on the Phoenician coast. She managed to remove the coffin and open it, but Osiris was already dead.

In one version of the myth, she used a spell learned from her father and brought him back to life so he could impregnate her. Afterwards he died again and she hid his body in the desert. Months later, she gave birth to Horus. While she raised Horus, Set was hunting one night and came across the body of Osiris.

Enraged, he tore the body into fourteen pieces and scattered them throughout the land. Isis gathered up all the parts of the body, less the phallus (which was eaten by a catfish) and bandaged them together for a proper burial. The gods were impressed by the devotion of Isis and resurrected Osiris as the god of the underworld. Because of his death and resurrection, Osiris was associated with the flooding and retreating of the Nile and thus with the crops along the Nile valley.

Diodorus Siculus gives another version of the myth in which Osiris was described as an ancient king who taught the Egyptians the arts of civilization, including agriculture, then travelled the world with his sister Isis, the satyrs, and the nine muses, before finally returning to Egypt. Osiris was then murdered by his evil brother Typhon, who was identified with Set. Typhon divided the body into twenty-six pieces, which he distributed amongst his fellow conspirators in order to implicate them in the murder. Isis and Hercules (Horus) avenged the death of Osiris and slew Typhon. Isis recovered all the parts of Osiris' body, except the phallus, and secretly buried them. She made replicas of them and distributed them to several locations, which then became centres of Osiris worship.[16][17]

[edit] Death and institution as god of the dead

Osiris-Nepra, with wheat growing from his body. From a bas-relief at Philae.[18] The sprouting corn implied resurrection.[19]

Osiris "The God Of The Resurrection", rising from his bier.[20]
Plutarch and others have noted that the sacrifices to Osiris were "gloomy, solemn, and mournful..." (Isis and Osiris, 69) and that the great mystery festival, celebrated in two phases, began at Abydos on the 17th of Athyr[21] (November 13) commemorating the death of the god, which was also the same day that grain was planted in the ground. "The death of the grain and the death of the god were one and the same: the cereal was identified with the god who came from heaven; he was the bread by which man lives. The resurrection of the god symbolized the rebirth of the grain." (Larson 17) The annual festival involved the construction of "Osiris Beds" formed in shape of Osiris, filled with soil and sown with seed.[22] The germinating seed symbolized Osiris rising from the dead. An almost pristine example was found in the tomb of Tutankhamun by Howard Carter.[23]

The first phase of the festival was a public drama depicting the murder and dismemberment of Osiris, the search of his body by Isis, his triumphal return as the resurrected god, and the battle in which Horus defeated Set. This was all presented by skilled actors as a literary history, and was the main method of recruiting cult membership. According to Julius Firmicus Maternus of the fourth century, this play was re-enacted each year by worshippers who "beat their breasts and gashed their shoulders.... When they pretend that the mutilated remains of the god have been found and rejoined...they turn from mourning to rejoicing." (De Errore Profanorum).

The passion of Osiris was reflected in his name 'Wenennefer" ("the one who continues to be perfect"), which also alludes to his post mortem power.[13]

Parts of this Osirian mythology have prompted comparisons with later Christian beliefs and practices.

Egyptologist E. A. Wallis Budge suggests possible connections or parallels in Osiris' resurrection story with those found in Christianity:

The Egyptians of every period in which they are known to us believed that Osiris was of divine origin, that he suffered death and mutilation at the hands of the powers of evil, that after a great struggle with these powers he rose again, that he became henceforth the king of the underworld and judge of the dead, and that because he had conquered death the righteous also might conquer death...In Osiris the Christian Egyptians found the prototype of Christ, and in the pictures and statues of Isis suckling her son Horus, they perceived the prototypes of the Virgin Mary and her child.[24]

Biblical scholar Bruce M. Metzger notes that in one account of the Osirian cycle he dies on the 17th of the month of Athyr (approximating to a month between October 28 and November 26 in modern calendars), is revivified on the 19th and compares this to Christ rising on the "third day" but he thinks "resurrection" is a questionable description.[25]

Egyptologist Erik Hornung observes that Egyptian Christians continued to mummify corpses (an integral part of the Osirian beliefs) until it finally came to an end with the arrival of Islam, and argues for an association between the passion of Jesus and Osirian traditions, particularly in the apocryphal gospel of Nicodemus and Christ's descent into Hades. He concludes that whilst Christianity rejected anything "pagan" it did so only at a superficial level and that early Christianity was "deeply indebted" to Ancient Egypt."[26]

David J. MacLeod argues that the resurrection of Osiris differs from Jesus Christ, saying:

Perhaps the only pagan god for whom there is a resurrection is the Egyptian Osiris. Close examination of this story shows that it is very different from Christ's resurrection. Osiris did not rise; he ruled in the abode of the dead. As biblical scholar, Roland de Vaux, wrote, 'What is meant of Osiris being "raised to life?" Simply that, thanks to the ministrations of Isis, he is able to lead a life beyond the tomb which is an almost perfect replica of earthly existence. But he will never again come among the living and will reign only over the dead. This revived god is in reality a "mummy" god.'... No, the mummified Osiris was hardly an inspiration for the resurrected Christ... As Yamauchi observes, 'Ordinary men aspired to identification with Osiris as one who had triumphed over death. But it is a mistake to equate the Egyptian view of the afterlife with the biblical doctrine of resurrection. To achieve immortality the Egyptian had to meet three conditions: First, his body had to be preserved by mummification. Second, nourishment was provided by the actual offering of daily bread and beer. Third, magical spells were interred with him. His body did not rise from the dead; rather elements of his personality - his Ba and Ka - continued to hover over his body.'[27]

Saint Augustine wrote "that the Egyptians alone believe in the resurrection, as they carefully preserved their dead bodies."[28]

A. J. M. Wedderburn further argues that resurrection in Ancient Egypt differs from the "very negative features" in Judaeo-Christian tradition, as the Ancient Egyptians conceived of the afterlife as entry into the glorious kingdom of Osiris.[29]

Marvin Mayer notes that some scholars regard the idea of dying and rising deities in the mystery religions as being fanciful but suggests this may be motivated by apologetic concerns, attempting to keep Christ's resurrection as a unique event. In contrast he argues that the ancient story of dying and rising in the divine, human and crops, (with Osiris as an example), is vindicated and reaches a conclusion in Christianity.[30]

[edit] Ikhernofret Stela

Much of the extant information about the Passion of Osiris can be found on the Ikhernofret Stela at Abydos erected in the 12th Dynasty by Ikhernofret (also I-Kher-Nefert), possibly a priest of Osiris or other official (the titles of Ikhernofret are described in his stela from Abydos) during the reign of Senwosret III (Pharaoh Sesostris, about 1875 BC). The Passion Plays were held in the last month of the inundation (the annual Nile flood, coinciding with Spring, and held at Abydos/Abedjou which was the traditional place where the body of Osiris/Wesir drifted ashore after having been drowned in the Nile.[31]

The part of the myth recounting the chopping up of the body into 14 pieces by Set is not recounted in this particular stela. Although it is attested to be a part of the rituals by a version of the Papyrus Jumilhac, in which it took Isis 12 days to reassemble the pieces, coinciding with the festival of ploughing.[32] Some elements of the ceremony were held in the temple, while others involved public participation in a form of theatre. The Stela of I-Kher-Nefert recounts the programme of events of the public elements over the five days of the Festival:
The First Day, The Procession of Wepwawet: A mock battle was enacted during which the enemies of Osiris are defeated. A procession was led by the god Wepwawet ("opener of the way").
The Second Day, The Great Procession of Osiris: The body of Osiris was taken from his temple to his tomb. The boat he was transported in, the "Neshmet" bark, had to be defended against his enemies.
The Third Day, Osiris is Mourned and the Enemies of the Land are Destroyed.
The Fourth Day, Night Vigil: Prayers and recitations are made and funeral rites performed.
The Fifth Day, Osiris is Reborn: Osiris is reborn at dawn and crowned with the crown of Ma'at. A statue of Osiris is brought to the temple.[31]

[edit] Wheat and clay rituals

Rare sample of Egyptian terra cotta sculpture, could be Isis mourning Osiris, (raising her right arm over her head, a typical mourning sign). Musée du Louvre, Paris.
Contrasting with the public "theatrical" ceremonies sourced from the I-Kher-Nefert stele (from the Middle Kingdom), more esoteric ceremonies were performed inside the temples by priests witnessed only by chosen initiates. Plutarch mentions that (for much later period) two days after the beginning of the festival "the priests bring forth a sacred chest containing a small golden coffer, into which they pour some potable water...and a great shout arises from the company for joy that Osiris is found (or resurrected). Then they knead some fertile soil with the water...and fashion therefrom a crescent-shaped figure, which they cloth and adorn, this indicating that they regard these gods as the substance of Earth and Water." (Isis and Osiris, 39). Yet his accounts were still obscure, for he also wrote, "I pass over the cutting of the wood" - opting not to describe it, since he considered it as a most sacred ritual (Ibid. 21).

In the Osirian temple at Denderah, an inscription (translated by Budge, Chapter XV, Osiris and the Egyptian Resurrection) describes in detail the making of wheat paste models of each dismembered piece of Osiris to be sent out to the town where each piece is discovered by Isis. At the temple of Mendes, figures of Osiris were made from wheat and paste placed in a trough on the day of the murder, then water was added for several days, until finally the mixture was kneaded into a mold of Osiris and taken to the temple to be buried (the sacred grain for these cakes were grown only in the temple fields). Molds were made from the wood of a red tree in the forms of the sixteen dismembered parts of Osiris, the cakes of 'divine' bread were made from each mold, placed in a silver chest and set near the head of the god with the inward parts of Osiris as described in the Book of the Dead (XVII).

On the first day of the Festival of Ploughing, where the goddess Isis appeared in her shrine where she was stripped naked, paste made from the grain were placed in her bed and moistened with water, representing the fecund earth. All of these sacred rituals were "climaxed by the eating of sacramental god, the eucharist by which the celebrants were transformed, in their persuasion, into replicas of their god-man" (Larson 20).

[edit] Judgment

The idea of divine justice being exercised after death for wrongdoing during life is first encountered during the Old Kingdom, in a 6th dynasty tomb containing fragments of what would be described later as the Negative Confessions[33]

Judgment scene from the Book of the Dead. In the three scenes from the Book of the Dead (version from ~1375 BC) the dead man (Hunefer) is taken into the judgement hall by the jackal-headed Anubis. The next scene is the weighing of his heart against the feather of Ma'at, with Ammut waiting the result, and Thoth recording. Next, the triumphant Henefer, having passed the test, is presented by the falcon-headed Horus to Osiris, seated in his shrine with Isis and Nephthys. (British Museum)
With the rise of the cult of Osiris during the Middle Kingdom the “democratization of religion” offered to even his most humblest followers the prospect of eternal life, with moral fitness becoming the dominant factor in determining a person's suitability.

At death a person faced judgment by a tribunal of forty-two divine judges. If they led a life in conformance with the precepts of the goddess Ma'at, who represented truth and right living, the person was welcomed into the kingdom of Osiris. If found guilty, the person was thrown to a "devourer" and didn't share in eternal life.[34]

The person who is taken by the devourer is subject first to terrifying punishment and then annihilated. These depictions of punishment may have influenced medieval perceptions of the inferno in hell via early Christian and Coptic texts.[35]

Purification for those who are considered justified may be found in the descriptions of "Flame Island", where they experience the triumph over evil and rebirth. For the damned, complete destruction into a state of non-being awaits, but there is no suggestion of eternal torture.[36][37]

Divine pardon at judgement was always a central concern for the Ancient Egyptians.[38]

During the reign of Seti I, Osiris was also invoked in royal decrees to pursue the living when wrongdoing was observed, but kept secret and not reported.[39]

[edit] Greco-Roman era

[edit] Hellenisation

Bust of Serapis.
Eventually, in Egypt, the Hellenic pharaohs decided to produce a deity that would be acceptable to both the local Egyptian population, and the influx of Hellenic visitors, to bring the two groups together, rather than allow a source of rebellion to grow. Thus Osiris was identified explicitly with Apis, really an aspect of Ptah, who had already been identified as Osiris by this point, and a syncretism of the two was created, known as Serapis, and depicted as a standard Greek god.

[edit] Destruction of cult

Philae Island.
The cult of Osiris continued until the 6th century AD on the island of Philae in Upper Nile. The Theodosian decrees of the 390s, to destroy all pagan temples, were not enforced there. The worship of Isis and Osiris was allowed to continue at Philae until the time of Justinian, by treaty between the Blemmyes-Nobadae and Diocletian. Every year they visited Elephantine, and at certain intervals took the image of Isis up river to the land of the Blemmyes for oracular purposes. The practices ended when Justinian sent Narses to destroy sanctuaries, arrest priests, and seize divine images, which were taken to Constantinople.[40]

[edit] See also
Aaru
Egyptian soul
Jesus in comparative mythology

[edit] Notes

1.^ a b Wilkinson, Richard H. (2003). The complete gods and goddesses of ancient Egypt. London: Thames & Hudson. p. 105. ISBN 0-500-05120-8.
2.^ "How to Read Egyptian Hieroglyphs", Mark Collier & Bill Manley, British Museum Press, p. 41, 1998, ISBN 0-7141-1910-5
3.^ "Conceptions of God In Ancient Egypt: The One and the Many", Erik Hornung (translated by John Baines), p. 233, Cornell University Press, 1996, ISBN 10801483840
4.^ Griffiths, John Gwyn (1980). The Origins of Osiris and His Cult. Brill. p. 44
5.^ "Isis and Osiris", Plutarch, translated by Frank Cole Babbitt, 1936, vol. 5 Loeb Classical Library. Penelope.uchicago.edu
6.^ "The Historical Library of Diodorus Siculus", vol. 1, translated by G. Booth, 1814. Google Books
7.^ "The Gods of the Egyptians", E. A. Wallis Budge, p. 259, Dover 1969, org. pub. 1904, ISBN 0-486-22056-7
8.^ a b c The Oxford Guide: Essential Guide to Egyptian Mythology, Edited by Donald B. Redford, p302-307, Berkley, 2003, ISBN 0-425-19096-X
9.^ "The Burden of Egypt", J. A. Wilson, p. 302, University of Chicago Press, 4th imp 1963
10.^ "Man, Myth and Magic", Osiris, vol. 5, p. 2087-2088, S.G.F. Brandon, BPC Publishing, 1971.
11.^ "Catholic Encyclopedia: Theodosius I". Newadvent.org. 1912-07-01. Retrieved 2012-05-01.
12.^ "History of the Later Roman Empire from the Death of Theodosius I. to the Death of Justinian", The Suppression of Paganism – ch22, p371, John Bagnell Bury, Courier Dover Publications, 1958, ISBN 0-486-20399-9
13.^ a b "How to Read Egyptian Hieroglyphs", Mark Collier & Bill Manley, British Museum Press, p. 42, 1998, ISBN 0-7141-1910-5
14.^ "Architecture of the Afterlife: Understanding Egypt’s pyramid tombs", Ann Macy Roth, Archaeology Odyssey, Spring 1998
15.^ Plutarch's Moralia, On Isis and Osiris, ch. 12. Books.google.com. Retrieved 2012-05-01.
16.^ "Osiris", Man, Myth & Magic, S.G.F Brandon, Vol5 P2088, BPC Publishing.
17.^ "The Historical Library of Diodorus Siculus", translated by George Booth 1814. retrieved 3 June 2007. Google Books
18.^ "Egyptian ideas of the future life.", E. A Wallis Budge, chapter 1, E. A Wallis Budge, org pub 1900
19.^ "Routledge Dictionary of Egyptian Gods and Goddesses", George Hart, p119, Routledge, 2005 ISBN 0-415-34495-6
20.^ "Egyptian ideas of the future life.", E. A Wallis Budge, chapter 2, E. A Wallis Budge, org pub 1900
21.^ Plutarch. "Section 13". Isis and Osiris. pp. 356C–D. Retrieved 2007-01-21.
22.^ Britannica Ultimate Edition 2003 DVD
23.^ "Osiris Bed, Burton photograph p2024, The Griffith Institute". En.wikipedia.org. 1993-12-31. Retrieved 2012-05-01.
24.^ E. A. Wallis Budge, "Egyptian Religion", Ch2, ISBN 0-14-019017-1
25.^ "New Testament tools and studies", Bruce Manning Metzger, p. 19, Brill Archive, 1960
26.^ "The secret lore of Egypt: its impact on the West", Erik Hornung, p. 73-75, Cornell University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-8014-3847-0
27.^ David J. MacLeod. The Emmaus Journal. Volume 7 #2, Winter 1998, pg. 169
28.^ "Death, burial, and rebirth in the religions of antiquity", p. 27, Jon Davies, Routledge, 1999, ISBN 0-415-12990-7
29.^ "Baptism and resurrection: studies in Pauline theology against its Graeco-Roman background Volume 44 of "Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament" Baptism and Resurrection: Studies in Pauline Theology Against Its Graeco-Roman Background", A. J. M. Wedderburn, p. 199, Mohr Siebeck, 1987, ISBN 3-16-145192-9
30.^ "The ancient mysteries: a sourcebook : sacred texts of the mystery religions of the ancient Mediterranean world", Marvin W. Meyer, p. 254, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999, ISBN 0-8122-1692-X
31.^ a b "The passion plays of osiris". ancientworlds.net.
32.^ J. Vandier, "Le Papyrus Jumilhac", p.136-137, Paris, 1961
33.^ "Studies in Comparative Religion", General editor, E. C Messenger, Essay by A. Mallon S. J, vol 2/5, p. 23, Catholic Truth Society, 1934
34.^ Religion and Magic in Ancient Egypt”, Rosalie David, p158-159, Penguin, 2002, ISBN 01402622520
35.^ "The Essential Guide to Egyptian Mythology: The Oxford Guide", "Hell", p161-162, Jacobus Van Dijk, Berkley Reference, 2003, ISBN 0-425-19096-X
36.^ "The Divine Verdict", John Gwyn Griffiths, p233, Brill Publications, 1991, ISBN 90-04-09231-5
37.^ "Letter: Hell in the ancient world. Letter by Professor J. Gwyn Griffiths". The Independent. December 31, 1993.
38.^ "Egyptian Religion", Jan Assman, The Encyclopedia of Christianity, p77, vol2, Wm. B Eerdmans Publishing, 1999, ISBN 90-04-11695-8
39.^ "The Burden of Egypt", J.A Wilson, p243, University of Chicago Press, 4th imp 1963
40.^ "History of the Later Roman Empire from the Death of Theodosius I. to the Death of Justinian", The Suppression of Paganism – ch. 22, p. 371, John Bagnell Bury, Courier Dover Publications, 1958, ISBN 0-486-20399-9
Freemasonry and its Ancient Mystic Rites. p. 35-36, by C. W. Leadbeater, Gramercy, 1998 ISBN 0-517-20267-0

[edit] References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Osiris

Martin A. Larson, The Story of Christian Origins (1977, 711 pp. ISBN 0-88331-090-2 ).
C. W. Leadbeater, Freemasonry and its Ancient Mystic Rites (Gramercy, 1998) ISBN 0-517-20267-0

[edit] External links
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=
9
-
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
`-
`-
15
19
9
18
9
19
+
=
89
8+9
=
17
1+7
8
=
8
-
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
+
=
35
3+5
=
8
=
8
=
8
-
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
2
=
2
=
2
2
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
1
=
6
=
6
7
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
3
=
27
2+7
9
29
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
16
-
1
6
-
35
-
17
2+9
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
1+6
-
-
-
-
3+5
-
1+7
11
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
7
-
1
6
-
8
-
8
1+1
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
7
-
1
6
-
8
-
8

 

 

6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
6
1
9
-
9
1
+
=
26
2+6
=
8
=
8
=
8
`-
15
19
9
-
9
19
+
=
71
7+1
=
8
=
8
=
8
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
+
=
9
-
=
9
=
9
=
9
`-
-
-
-
18
-
-
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
=
9
=
9
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
`-
15
19
9
18
9
19
+
=
89
8+9
=
17
1+7
8
=
8
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
+
=
35
3+5
=
8
=
8
=
8
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
2
=
2
=
2
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
1
=
6
=
6
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
3
=
27
2+7
9
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
16
-
1
6
-
35
-
17
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
1+6
-
-
-
-
3+5
-
1+7
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
7
-
1
6
-
8
-
8
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
-
7
-
1
6
-
8
-
8

 

 

-
4
I
S
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
`-
`-
9
19
9
19
+
=
56
5+6
=
11
1+1
2
=
2
-
-
9
1
9
1
+
=
20
2+0
=
2
=
2
=
2
-
4
I
S
I
S
-T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
2
=
2
=
2
2
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-`-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
2
=
18
1+8
9
35
4
I
S
I
S
-
-
10
-
1
4
-
20
-
11
3+5
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
1+0
-
-
-
-
2+0
-
1+1
8
4
I
S
I
S
-
-
1
-
1
4
-
2
-
2
-
-
9
1
9
1
-T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
4
I
S
I
S
-
-
1
-
1
4
-
2
-
2

 

 

4
I
S
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
`-
9
19
9
19
+
=
56
5+6
=
11
1+1
2
=
2
-
9
1
9
1
+
=
20
2+0
=
2
=
2
=
2
4
I
S
I
S
-T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
2
=
2
=
2
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
2
=
18
1+8
9
4
I
S
I
S
-
-
10
-
1
4
-
20
-
11
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
1+0
-
-
-
-
2+0
-
1+1
4
I
S
I
S
-
-
1
-
1
4
-
2
-
2
-
9
1
9
1
-T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
I
S
I
S
-
-
1
-
1
4
-
2
-
2

 

 

-
3
S
E
T
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
+
=
1
-
=
1
-
1
`-
`-
19
-
-
+
=
19
1+9
=
10
1+0
1
-
3
S
E
T
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
5
2
+
=
7
-
=
7
1+0
7
`-
`-
-
5
20
+
=
25
2+5
=
7
-
7
-
3
S
E
T
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
`-
`-
19
5
20
+
=
44
4+4
=
8
=
8
-
-
1
5
2
+
=
8
-
=
8
1+0
8
-
3
S
E
T
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
1
=
1
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
`-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
5
occurs
x
1
=
5
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
37
3
S
E
T
-
-
8
-
-
3
-
8
3+7
-
1
5
2
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
10
3
S
E
T
-
-
8
-
-
3
-
8
1+0
-
1
5
2
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
3
S
E
T
-
-
8
-
-
3
-
8

 

THE SUN IS SET SET IS THE SON

 
S
E
T
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
1
-
-
+
=
1
-
=
1
-
1
`-
19
-
-
+
=
19
1+9
=
10
1+0
1
3
S
E
T
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
5
2
+
=
7
-
=
7
1+0
7
`-
-
5
20
+
=
25
2+5
=
7
-
7
3
S
E
T
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
`-
19
5
20
+
=
44
4+4
=
8
=
8
-
1
5
2
+
=
8
-
=
8
1+0
8
3
S
E
T
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
1
=
1
-
-
-
2
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
-
-
5
-
-
-
5
occurs
x
1
=
5
3
S
E
T
-
-
8
-
-
3
-
8
-
-
-
-
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
S
E
T
-
-
8
-
-
3
-
8
-
1
5
2
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
S
E
T
-
-
8
-
-
3
-
8

 

 

-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
1
9
-
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
1
9
-
9
-
1
+
=
66
6+6
=
12
1+2
=
3
-
15
19
9
-
9
19
-
9
19
9
19
-
19
9
-
9
-
19
+
=
183
1+8+3
=
12
1+2
=
3
16
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
15
19
9
18
9
19
-
9
19
9
19
-
19
9
18
9
21
19
+
=
240
2+4+0
=
6
-
-
6
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
-
1
9
9
9
3
1
+
=
87
8+7
=
15
1+5
=
6
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
+
=
6
-
-
6
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
+
=
3
-
-
3
-
-
3
-
6
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
6
-
-
6
-
-
6
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
+
=
72
7+2
=
9
-
-
9
16
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
9
-
9
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
+
=
72
7+2
=
9
-
-
9
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

 

 

-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
1
9
-
9
1
-
9
-
9
1
-
1
9
-
9
-
1
+
=
65
6+5
=
11
1+1
=
2
-
15
19
9
-
9
19
-
9
-
9
19
-
19
9
-
9
-
19
+
=
164
1+6+4
=
11
1+1
=
2
16
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
15
19
9
18
9
19
-
9
18
9
19
-
19
9
18
9
21
19
+
=
239
2+3+9
=
14
1+4
=
5
-
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
9
9
9
1
-
1
9
9
9
3
1
+
=
95
9+5
=
14
1+4
=
5
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
+
=
5
-
-
5
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
+
=
3
-
-
3
-
-
3
-
6
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
6
-
-
6
-
-
6
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
+
=
81
8+1
=
9
-
-
9
16
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
+
=
81
8+1
=
9
-
-
9
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

 

 

1
occurs
x
5
=
5
-
-
5
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
-
-
3
6
occurs
x
1
=
6
-
-
6
9
occurs
x
9
=
81
8+1
=
9
19
-
-
16
-
95
-
-
23
1+9
-
-
1+6
-
9+5
-
-
2+3
10
-
-
7
-
14
-
-
5
1+0
-
-
-
-
1+8
-
-
-
1
-
-
7
-
5
-
-
5

 

 

O
S
I
R
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
1
9
-
9
1
-
1
9
-
9
-
1
-
9
-
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
+
=
85
8+5
13
1+3
=
4
15
19
9
-
9
19
-
19
9
-
9
-
19
-
9
-
9
19
-
9
19
9
19
+
=
220
2+2+0
4
-
=
4
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
-
-
18
-
21
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
75
7+5
12
1+2
=
3
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
3
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
30
3+0
3
-
=
3
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
15
19
9
18
9
19
-
19
9
18
9
21
19
-
9
18
9
19
-
9
19
9
19
+
=
295
2+9+5
16
1+6
=
7
6
1
9
9
9
1
-
1
9
9
9
3
1
-
9
9
9
1
-
9
1
9
1
+
=
115
1+1+5
7
-
=
7
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
I
R
I
-
-
-
I
R
I
-
-
-
I
R
I
-
-
I
-
I
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
-
9
9
9
-
-
9
-
9
-
+
=
99
9+9
18
1+8
=
9
-
-
I
R
I
-
-
-
I
R
I
-
-
-
I
R
I
-
-
I
-
I
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
O
S
I
R
I
S
-
S
I
R
I
U
S
-
I
R
I
S
-
I
S
I
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

 

 

I

ME

I SAY ISIS SAY I

I SAY OSIRIS SAY I

I SAY CHRIST SAY I

I SAY KRISHNA SAY I

I SAY RISHI ISHI ISHI RISHI SAY I

I SAY VISHNU SHIVA SHIVA VISHNU SAY I

ARISES THAT SUN SETS THAT SUN SETS THAT SUN ARISES THAT SUN

OSIRIS THAT SON SETS THAT SON SETS THAT SON OSIRIS THAT SON

 

 

THE ANGEL OF DEATH THAT R IN THE DEATH THREAD

 

T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
A
=
1
-
5
ANGEL
39
21
3
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
D
=
4
-
5
DEATH
38
20
2
-
-
13
Q
15
First Total
131
68
14
-
-
1+3
-
1+5
Add to Reduce
1+3+1
6+8
1+4
-
-
4
-
6
Second Total
5
14
5
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
-
1+4
-
-
-
4
-
6
Essence of Number
5
5
5

 

 

T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
A
=
1
-
5
ANGLE
39
21
3
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
D
=
4
-
5
DEATH
38
20
2
-
-
13
Q
15
First Total
131
68
14
-
-
1+3
-
1+5
Add to Reduce
1+3+1
6+8
1+4
-
-
4
-
6
Second Total
5
14
5
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
-
1+4
-
-
-
4
-
6
Essence of Number
5
5
5

 

LIFE AND DEATH THREAD DEATH R DEATH THREAD DEATH AND LIFE

 

T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
M
=
4
-
4
MARK
43
16
7
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
D
=
4
-
5
DEVIL
52
25
7
-
-
18
Q
17
First Total
182
83
29
-
-
1+8
-
1+7
Add to Reduce
1+8+2
8+3
2+9
-
-
9
-
8
Second Total
11
11
11
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+1
1+1
1+1
-
-
9
-
8
Essence of Number
2
2
2

 

 

DEVIL LIVED LIVED DEVIL

EVIL LIVE LIVE EVIL

LIFE LIVE LEARN EVOLVE LOVE EVOLVE LEARN LIVE LIFE

 

 

T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
H
=
8
-
4
HOLY
60
24
6
W
=
5
-
4
WORD
60
24
6
S
-
15
4
11
Add to Reduce
153
63
18
-
-
1+5
-``
1+1
Reduce to Deduce
1+5+3
6+3
1+8
S
-
6
-
2
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

T
=
2
-
4
THUS
68
14
5
H
=
8
-
4

HAVE
36
18
9
I
=
9
-
1
I
9
9
9
H
=
8
-
5
HEARD
36
27
9
F
=
6
-
4
FROM
52
25
7
T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
M
=
4
-
5
MOUTH
77
23
5
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
B
=
2
-
6
BUDDHA
40
22
4
-
-
49
Q
37
First Total
405
180
63
-
-
4+9
-
3+7
Add to Reduce
4+0+5
1+8+0
6+3
-
-
13
-
10
Second Total
9
9
9
-
-
1+3
-
1+0
Reduce to Deduce
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
1
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

L
=
3
-
4
LOVE
54
18
9
C
=
3
-
8
CONQUERS
112
40
4
A
=
1
-
3
ALL
25
7
7
-
-
7
Q
15
First Total
191
65
20
-
-
-
-
1+5
Add to Reduce
1+9+1
6+5
2+0
-
-
7
-
6
Second Total
11
11
2
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+1
1+1
-
-
-
7
-
6
Essence of Number
2
2
2

 

 

T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
H
=
8
-
4
HOLY
60
24
6
C
=
3
-
5
CROSS
74
20
2
-
-
13
Q
12
First Total
167
59
14
-
-
1+3
-
1+2
Add to Reduce
1+6+7
5+9
1+4
-
-
4
-
3
Second Total
14
14
5
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+4
1+4
-
-
-
4
-
3
Essence of Number
5
5
5

 

 

-
12
T
H
E
-
H
O
L
Y
-
C
R
O
S
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
8
6
-
-
-
-
-
6
1
1
+
=
30
3+0
=
3
=
3
=
3
-
-
-
8
-
-
8
15
-
-
-
-
-
15
19
19
+
=
84
8+4
=
12
1+2
3
=
3
-
12
T
H
E
-
H
O
L
Y
-
C
R
O
S
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
5
-
-
-
3
7
-
3
9
-
-
-
+
=
29
2+9
=
11
1+1
2
=
2
-
-
20
-
5
-
-
-
12
25
-
3
18
-
-
-
+
=
83
8+3
=
11
1+1
2
=
2
-
12
T
H
E
-
H
O
L
Y
-
C
R
O
S
S
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
20
8
5
-
8
15
12
25
-
3
18
15
19
19
+
=
167
1+6+7
=
14
1+4
5
=
5
-
-
2
8
5
-
8
6
3
7
-
3
9
6
1
1
+
=
59
5+9
=
14
1+4
5
=
5
-
12
T
H
E
-
H
O
L
Y
-
C
R
O
S
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
2
=
2
=
2
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
=
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
3
-
-
3
-
--
-
-
-
-
3
occurs
x
2
=
6
=
6
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
FOUR
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
occurs
x
1
=
5
=
5
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
2
=
12
1+2
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
occurs
x
1
=
7
=
7
-
-
-
8
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
occurs
x
2
=
16
1+6
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
1
=
9
=
9
4
12
T
H
E
-
H
O
L
Y
-
C
R
O
S
S
-
-
41
-
-
12
-
59
-
41
-
1+2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
4+1
4+1
-
-
1+2
-
5+9
-
4+1
4
3
T
H
E
-
H
O
L
Y
-
C
R
O
S
S
-
-
5
-
-
3
-
14
-
5
-
-
2
8
5
-
8
6
3
7
-
3
9
6
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+4
-
-
4
3
T
H
E
-
H
O
L
Y
-
C
R
O
S
S
-
-
5
-
-
3
-
5
-
5

 

 

T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
K
=
2
-
7
KINGDOM
73
37
1
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
G
=
7
-
3
GOD
26
17
8
-
-
17
-
15
Add to Reduce
153
81
18
-
-
1+7
-
1+5
Reduce to Deduce
1+5+3
8+1
1+8
Q
-
8
-
6
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

H
=
8
-
4
HOLY
60
24
6
H
=
8
-
4
HOLY
60
24
6
H
=
8
-
4
HOLY
60
24
6
-
-
24
4
12
Add to Reduce
180
72
18
-
-
2+4
-
1+2
Reduce to Deduce
1+8+0
7+2
1+8
Q
-
6
-
3
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

H
=
8
-
4
HOLY
60
24
6
C
=
3
-
10
CONSCIENCE
90
45
9
T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
I
=
9
-
5
INNER
60
33
6
V
=
4
-
5
VOICE
54
27
9
-
-
26
-
27
First Total
297
144
27
-
-
2+6
-
2+7
Add to Reduce
2+9+7
1+4+4
2+7
Q
-
8
-
9
Second Total
18
9
9
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+8
-
-
-
-
8
5
9
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

-
STEREOMETRY
-
-
-
3
S+T+E
44
8
8
1
R
18
9
9
2
E+O
20
11
2
2
M+E
18
9
9
3
T+R+Y
63
18
9
11
STEREOMETRY
163
55
37
1+1
-
1+6+3
5+5
3+7
2
STEREOMETRY
10
10
10
1+1
-
1+0
1+0
1+0
2
STEREOMETRY
1
1
1

 

 

-
11
S
T
E
R
E
O
M
E
T
R
Y
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
7
-
=
7
=
7
=
7
-
-
19
-
-
-
-
15
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
34
3+4
=
7
=
7
=
7
-
11
S
T
E
R
E
O
M
E
T
R
Y
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
5
9
5
-
4
5
2
9
25
+
=
48
4+8
=
12
1+2
3
=
3
-
-
-
20
5
18
5
-
13
5
20
18
7
+
=
129
1+2+9
=
12
1+2
3
=
3
-
11
S
T
E
R
E
O
M
E
T
R
Y
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
19
20
5
18
5
15
13
5
20
18
25
+
=
163
1+6+3
=
10
1+0
1
=
1
-
-
1
2
5
9
5
6
4
5
2
9
7
+
=
55
5+5
=
10
1+0
1
=
1
-
11
S
T
E
R
E
O
M
E
T
R
Y
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
1
=
1
=
1
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
2
occurs
x
2
=
4
=
4
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
THREE
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
occurs
x
1
=
4
=
4
-
-
-
-
5
-
5
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
5
occurs
x
3
=
15
1+5
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
1
=
6
=
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
7
occurs
x
1
=
7
=
7
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
EIGHT
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
2
=
18
1+8
9
11
11
S
T
E
R
E
O
M
E
T
R
Y
-
-
34
-
-
11
-
55
-
37
1+1
1+1
-
-
5
-
5
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
3+4
-
-
1+1
-
5+5
-
3+7
2
2
S
T
E
R
E
O
M
E
T
R
Y
-
-
7
-
-
2
-
10
-
10
-
-
1
2
5
9
5
6
4
5
2
9
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+0
-
1+0
2
2
S
T
E
R
E
O
M
E
T
R
Y
-
-
7
-
-
2
-
1
-
1

 

 

11
S
T
E
R
E
O
M
E
T
R
Y
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
7
-
=
7
=
7
=
7
-
19
-
-
-
-
15
-
-
-
-
-
+
=
34
3+4
=
7
=
7
=
7
11
S
T
E
R
E
O
M
E
T
R
Y
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
5
9
5
-
4
5
2
9
25
+
=
48
4+8
=
12
1+2
3
=
3
-
-
20
5
18
5
-
13
5
20
18
7
+
=
129
1+2+9
=
12
1+2
3
=
3
11
S
T
E
R
E
O
M
E
T
R
Y
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
19
20
5
18
5
15
13
5
20
18
25
+
=
163
1+6+3
=
10
1+0
1
=
1
-
1
2
5
9
5
6
4
5
2
9
7
+
=
55
5+5
=
10
1+0
1
=
1
11
S
T
E
R
E
O
M
E
T
R
Y
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
1
=
1
=
1
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
2
occurs
x
2
=
4
=
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
occurs
x
1
=
4
=
4
-
-
-
5
-
5
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
5
occurs
x
3
=
15
1+5
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
1
=
6
=
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
7
occurs
x
1
=
7
=
7
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
2
=
18
1+8
9
11
S
T
E
R
E
O
M
E
T
R
Y
-
-
34
-
-
11
-
55
-
37
1+1
-
-
5
-
5
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
3+4
-
-
1+1
-
5+5
-
3+7
2
S
T
E
R
E
O
M
E
T
R
Y
-
-
7
-
-
2
-
10
-
10
-
1
2
5
9
5
6
4
5
2
9
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+0
-
1+0
2
S
T
E
R
E
O
M
E
T
R
Y
-
-
7
-
-
2
-
1
-
1

 

 

P
=
7
-
7
PERFECT
73
37
1
I
=
9
-
2
IS
28
10
1
T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
C
=
3
-
5
CYCLE
48
21
3
-
-
21
Q
17
First Total
182
83
11
-
-
2+1
-
1+7
Add to Reduce
1+8+2
8+3
1+1
-
-
3
-
8
Second Total
11
11
2
-
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+1
1+1
-
-
-
3
-
8
Essence of Number
2
2
2

 

 

T
=
2
-
5
TREAD
48
21
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
D
=
4
-
4
DEAD
14
14
5
R
=
9
-
7
RETREAD
71
35
8
L
=
3
-
5
LIFES
51
24
6
T
=
2
-
6
THREAD
56
29
2

 

 

-
7
A
L
A
D
D
I
N
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
5
+
=
14
1+4
=
5
=
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
14
+
=
23
2+3
=
5
=
5
-
7
A
L
A
D
D
I
N
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
1
3
1
4
4
-
-
+
=
13
1+3
=
4
=
4
-
-
1
12
1
4
4
-
-
+
=
22
2+2
=
4
=
4
-
7
A
L
A
D
D
I
N
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
1
12
1
4
4
9
14
+
=
45
4+5
=
9
=
9
-
-
1
3
1
4
4
9
5
+
=
27
2+7
=
9
=
9
-
7
A
L
A
D
D
I
N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
2
=
2
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
TWO
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-`
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
-
-
-
-
-
4
4
-
-
-
-
4
occurs
x
2
=
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
5
occurs
x
1
=
5
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
SIX
6
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
SEVEN
7
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
EIGHT
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
1
=
9
23
7
A
L
A
D
D
I
N
-
-
22
-
-
7
-
27
2+3
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
2+2
-
-
-
-
2+7
5
7
A
L
A
D
D
I
N
-
-
4
-
-
7
-
9
-
-
1
3
1
4
4
9
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
7
A
L
A
D
D
I
N
-
-
4
-
-
7
-
9

 

 

7
A
L
A
D
D
I
N
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
5
+
=
14
1+4
=
5
=
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
14
+
=
23
2+3
=
5
=
5
7
A
L
A
D
D
I
N
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
1
3
1
4
4
-
-
+
=
13
1+3
=
4
=
4
-
1
12
1
4
4
-
-
+
=
22
2+2
=
4
=
4
7
A
L
A
D
D
I
N
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
1
12
1
4
4
9
14
+
=
45
4+5
=
9
=
9
-
1
3
1
4
4
9
5
+
=
27
2+7
=
9
=
9
7
A
L
A
D
D
I
N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
2
=
2
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-`
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
-
-
-
-
4
4
-
-
-
-
4
occurs
x
2
=
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
5
occurs
x
1
=
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
1
=
9
7
A
L
A
D
D
I
N
-
-
22
-
-
7
-
27
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
2+2
-
-
-
-
2+7
7
A
L
A
D
D
I
N
-
-
4
-
-
7
-
9
-
1
3
1
4
4
9
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
A
L
A
D
D
I
N
-
-
4
-
-
7
-
9

 

 

THE SIRIUS MYSTERY

Robert K.G.Temple 1976

Page 82

The Sacred Fifty

"We must return to the treatise 'The Virgin of the World'. This treatise is quite explicit in saying that Isis and Osiris were sent to help the Earth by giving primitive mankind the arts of civilization:
And Horus thereon said:

'How was it, mother, then, that Earth received God's Efflux?' And Isis said:

'I may not tell the story of (this) birth; for it is not permitted to describe the origin of thy descent, O Horus (son) of mighty power, lest afterwards the way-of-birth of the immortal gods should be known unto men - except so far that God the Monarch, the universal Orderer and Architect, sent for a little while thy mighty sire Osiris, and the mightiest goddess Isis, that they might help the world, for all things needed them.
'Tis they who filled life full of life. 'Tis they who caused the savagery of mutual slaughtering of men to cease. 'Tis they who hallowed precincts to the Gods their ancestors and spots for holy rites. 'Tis they who gave to men laws, food and shelter.'

"Page 73

A Fairy Tale

'I INVOKE THEE, LADY ISIS, WITH WHOM THE GOOD DAIMON DOTH UNITE,

HE WHO IS LORD IN THE PERFECT BLACK.'

 

 

THE SIRIUS MYSTERY

Robert K.G.Temple 1976

Page 74

"Mead quotes an Egyptian magic papyrus, this being an uncontested Egyptian document which he compares to a passage in the Trismegistic literature: 'I invoke thee, Lady Isis, with whom the Good Daimon doth unite, He who is Lord in the perfect black. '37
We know that Isis is identified with Sirius A, and here we may have a / Page 74 / description of her star-companion 'who is Lord in the perfect black', namely the invisible companion with whom she is united, Sirius B.
Mead, of course, had no inkling of the Sirius question. But he cited this magic papyrus in order to shed comparative light on some extraordinary passages in a Trismegistic treatise he translated which has the title 'The Virgin of the World'. In his comments on the magic papyrus Mead says: 'It is natural to make the Agathodaimon ("the Good Daimon") of the Papyrus refer to Osiris; for indeed it is one of his most frequent designations. Moreover, it is precisely Osiris who is pre-eminently connected with the so-called "under­world", the unseen world, the "mysterious dark". He is lord there. . . and indeed one of the ancient mystery-sayings was precisely, "Osiris is a dark God." ,
'The Virgin of the World' is an extraordinary Trismegistic treatise in the form of a dialogue between the hierophant (high priest) as spokesman for Isis and the neophyte who represents Horus. Thus the priest instructing the initiate is portrayed as Isis instructing her son Horus.
The treatise begins by claiming it is 'her holiest discourse' which 'so speaking Isis doth pour forth'. There is, throughout, a strong emphasis on the hierarchical principle of lower and higher beings in the universe - that earthly mortals are presided over at intervals by other, higher, beings who interfere in Earth's affairs when things here become hopeless, etc. Isis says in the treatise: 'It needs must, therefore, be the less should give place to the greater mysteries.' What she is to disclose to Horus is a great mystery. Mead describes it as the mystery practised by the arch-hierophant. It was the degree (here 'degree' is in the sense of 'degree' in the Masonic 'mysteries', which are hopelessly garbled and watered-down versions of genuine mysteries of earlier times) 'called the "Dark Mystery" or "Black Rite". It was a rite performed only for those who were judged worthy of it after long probation in lower degrees, something of a far more sacred character, apparently, than the instruction in the mysteries enacted in the light.'
Mead adds: 'I would suggest, therefore, that we have here a reference to the most esoteric institution of the Isiac tradition. . .', Isiac meaning of course 'Isis-tradition', and not to be confused with the Book of Isaiah in the Bible (so that perhaps it is best for us not to use the word-form 'Isiac').
It is in attempting to explain the mysterious 'Black Rite' of Isis at the highest degree of the Egyptian mysteries that Mead cited the magic papyrus which I have already quoted. He explains the 'Black Rite' as being connected with Osiris being a 'dark god' who is 'Lord of the perfect black' which is 'the unseen world, the mysterious black'.
This treatise 'The Virgin of the World' describes a personage called Hermes who seems to represent a race of beings who taught earthly mankind the arts of civilization after which: 'And thus, with charge unto his kinsmen of the Gods to keep sure watch, he mounted to the Stars'.
According to this treatise mankind have been a troublesome lot requiring scrutiny and, at rare intervals of crisis, intervention.
After Hermes left Earth to return to the stars there was or were in Egypt someone or some people designated as 'Tat' (Thoth) who were initiates into the celestial mysteries."

Page 77

"Bearing these books in mind (and I am sure they are there waiting under­ground like a time bomb for us), it is interesting to read this passage in 'The Virgin of the World' following shortly upon that previously quoted:
The sacred symbols of the cosmic elements were hid away hard by the secrets of Osiris. Hermes, ere he returned to Heaven, invoked a spell on them, and spake these words: . . . 'O holy books, who have been made by my immortal hands, by incorruption's magic spells. . . (at this point there is a lacuna as the text is hopeless) . . . free from decay throughout eternity remain and incorrupt from time! Become unseeable, unfindable, for every one whose foot shall tread the plains of this land, until old Heaven doth bring forth meet instruments for you, whom the Creator shall call souls.'
Thus spake he; and, laying spells on them by means of his own works, he shut them safe away in their own zones. And long enough the time has been since they were hid away.
In the treatise the highest objective of ignorant men searching for the truth
is described as: '(Men) will seek out. . . the inner nature of the holy spaces which no foot may tread, and will chase after them into the height, desiring to observe the nature of the motion of the Heaven.
'These are as yet moderate things. For nothing more remains than Earth's remotest realms; nay, in their daring they will track out Night, the farthest Night of all.'..."

Page 82

"We must note Stecchini's remarks about Delphi as follows :38
The god of Delphi, Apollo, whose name means 'the stone', was identified with an object, the omphalos, 'navel', which has been found. It consisted of an ovoidal stone. . . . The omphalos of Delphi was similar to the object which represented the god Amon in Thebes, the 'navel' of Egypt. In 1966 I presented to the annual meeting of the Archaeological Institute of America a paper in which I maintained that historical accounts, myths, and legends, and some monuments of Delphi, indicate that the oracle was established there by the Pharaohs of the Ethiopian Dynasty.

 

 

IN

THE

BEGINNING

WAS THE WORD AND THE WORD WAS

WITH

GOD AND THE WORD WAS GOD

THE

SAME WAS IN THE BEGINNING WITH

GOD ALL THINGS WERE MADE BY GOD AND WITHOUT GOD

WAS

NOT

ANYTHING

MADE THAT WAS MADE

IN

GOD

WAS LIFE AND THE LIFE WAS

THE

LIGHT

OF

HUMANKIND

AND THE

LIGHT

SHINETH IN THE DARKNESS AND THE DARKNESS COMPREHENDED IT NOT

 

 

I

AM

ALPHA AND OMEGA

THE BEGINNING AND THE END THE FIRST AND THE LAST

I

AM

THE ROOT AND THE OFFSPRING

OF

DAVID

AND

THE BRIGHT AND MORNING STAR

AND

THE SPIRIT AND THE BRIDE SAY COME

AND

LET THEM THAT HEARETH SAY COME

AND

LET THEM THAT IS ATHIRST COME

AND

WHOSOEVER WILL LET THEM TAKE THE WATER OF LIFE FREELY

 

 

THE CHRISTOS THE

CHRIST

 

CHRISTOS SEE HERE IS THE CHRISTOS

 

OSIRIS

 

 

THE HERMETICA

THE LOST WISDOM OF THE PHARAOHS

Timothy Freke & Peter Gandy

To the Memory of Giordano Bruno 1548 - 1600

Mundus Nihil Pulcherrimum

The World is a Beautiful Nothing

Page 23

"Although we have used the familiar term 'God' in the explanatory notes which accompany each chapter, we have avoided this term in the text itself. Instead we have used 'Atum - one of the ancient Egyptian names for the Supreme One God."

 

Page 45

The Being of Atum

"Atum is Primal Mind."

Page 45

The Being of Atum

Give me your whole awareness, and concentrate your thoughts, for Knowledge of Atum's Being requires deep insight, which comes only as a gift of grace.

It is like a plunging torrent of water whose swiftness outstrips any man who strives to follow it, leaving behind not only the hearer, but even the teacher himself.

To conceive of Atum is difficult.

To define him is impossible.

The imperfect and impermanent cannot easily apprehend the eternally perfected.

Atum is whole and conconstant.

In himself he is motionless, yet he is self-moving.

He is immaculate, incorruptible and ever-lasting.

He is the Supreme Absolute Reality. He is filled with ideas which are imperceptible to the senses, and with all-embracing Knowledge.

Atum is Primal Mind.

Page 46

He is too great to be called by the name 'Atum'. He is hidden, yet obvious everywhere.

His Being is known through thought alone, yet we see his form before our eyes.

He is bodiless, yet embodied in everything. There is nothing which he is not. He has no name, because all names are his name. He is the unity in all things, so we must know him by all names and call everything 'Atum'.

He is the root and source of all. Everything has a source, except this source itself, which springs from nothing.

Atum is complete like the number one, which remains itself whether multiplied or divided, and yet generates all numbers.

Atum is the Whole which contains everything. He is One, not two.

He is All, not many.

The All is not many separate things, but the Oneness that subsumes the parts.

The All and the One are identical.

You think that things are many when you view them as separate, but when you see they all hang on the One, /Page 47/ and flow from the One, you will realise they are united­linked together, and connected by a chain of Being from the highest to the lowest, all subject to the will of Atum.

The Cosmos is one as the sun is one, the moon is one and the Earth is one.

Do you think there are many Gods? That's absurd - God is one.

Atum alone is the Creator of all that is immortal, and all that is mutable.

If that seems incredible, just consider yourself. You see, speak, hear, touch, taste, walk, think and breathe.

It is not a different you who does these various things, but one being who does them all.

To understand how Atum makes all things, consider a farmer sowing seeds; here wheat - there barley,
now planting a vine - then an apple tree.

Just as the same man plants all these seeds, so Atum sows immortality in heaven and change on Earth.

Throughout the Cosmos he disseminates Life and movement­the two great elements that comprise Atum and his creation, and so everything that is.

Page 48

Atum is called 'Father' because he begets all things, and, from his example, the wise hold begetting children the most sacred pursuit of human life. Atum works with Nature, within the laws of Necessity, causing extinction and renewal, constantly creating creation to display his wisdom.

Yet, the things that the eye can see are mere phantoms and illusions.

Only those things invisible to the eye are real. Above all are the ideas of Beauty and Goodness.

Just as the eye cannot see the Being of Atum, so it cannot see these great ideas.

They are attributes of Atum alone, and are inseparable from him.

They are so perfectly without blemish that Atum himself is in love with them.

There is nothing which Atum lacks, so nothing that he desires.

There is nothing that Atum can lose, so nothing can cause him grief. Atum is everything.

Atum makes everything, and everything is a part of Atum.

Atum, therefore, makes himself.

This is Atum's glory - he is all-creative, and this creating is his very Being.

It is impossible for him ever to stop creating­for Atum can never cease to be.

Page 49

Atum is everywhere.

Mind cannot be enclosed, because everything exists within Mind.

Nothing is so quick and powerful.

Just look at your own experience. Imagine yourself in any foreign land, and quick as your intention you will be there!

Think of the ocean - and there you are.

You have not moved as things move, but you have travelled, nevertheless.

Fly up into the heavens - you won't need wings!

Nothing can obstruct you - not the burning heat of the sun, or the swirling planets.

Pass on to the limits of creation. Do you want to break out beyond the boundaries of the Cosmos?

For your mind, even that is possible.

Can you sense what power you possess? If you can do all this, then what about your Creator?

Try and understand that Atum is Mind.

This is how he contains the Cosmos. All things are thoughts which the Creator thinks."

 

 

FINGERPRINTS OF THE GODS

A QUEST FOR THE BEGINNING AND THE END

Graham Hancock 1995

Chapter 32

Speaking to the Unborn

Page 285

"It is understandable that a huge range of myths from all over the ancient world should describe geological catastrophes in graphic detail. Mankind survived the horror of the last Ice Age, and the most plausible source for our enduring traditions of flooding and freezing, massive volcanism and devastating earthquakes is in the tumultuous upheavals unleashed during the great meltdown of 15,000 to 8000 BC. The final retreat of the ice sheets, and the consequent 300-400 foot rise in global sea levels, took place only a few thousand years before the beginning of the historical period. It is therefore not surprising that all our early civilizations should have retained vivid memories of the vast cataclysms that had terrified their forefathers.
Much harder to explain is the peculiar but distinctive way the myths of cataclysm seem to bear the intelligent imprint of a guiding hand.l Indeed the degree of convergence between such ancient stories is frequently remarkable enough to raise the suspicion that they must all have been 'written' by the same 'author'.
Could that author have had anything to do with the wondrous deity, or superhuman, spoken of in so many of the myths we have reviewed, who appears immediately after the world has been shattered by a horrifying geological catastrophe and brings comfort and the gifts of civilization to the shocked and demoralized survivors?
White and bearded, Osiris is the Egyptian manifestation of this / Page 286 / universal figure, and it may not be an accident that one of the first acts he is remembered for in myth is the abolition of cannibalism among the primitive inhabitants of the Nile Valley.2 Viracocha, in South America, was said to have begun his civilizing mission immediately after a great flood; Quetzalcoatl, the discoverer of maize, brought the benefits of crops, mathematics, astronomy and a refined culture to Mexico after the Fourth Sun had been overwhelmed by a destroying deluge.
Could these strange myths contain a record of encounters between scattered palaeolithic tribes which survived the last Ice Age and an as yet unidentified high civilization which passed through the same epoch?
And could the myths be attempts to communicate?

A message in the bottle of time"

'Of all the other stupendous inventions,' Galileo once remarked,

what sublimity of mind must have been his who conceived how to communicate his most secret thoughts to any other person, though very distant either in time or place, speaking with those who are in the Indies, speaking to those who are not yet born, nor shall be this thousand or ten thousand years? And with no greater difficulty than the various arrangements of two dozen little signs on paper? Let this be the seal of all the admirable inventions of men.3

If the 'precessional message' identified by scholars like Santillana, von Dechend and Jane Sellers is indeed a deliberate attempt at communication by some lost civilization of antiquity, how come it wasn't just written down and left for us to find? Wouldn't that have been easier than encoding it in myths? Perhaps.
Nevertheless, suppose that whatever the message was written on got destroyed or worn away after many thousands of years? Or suppose that the language in which it was inscribed was later forgotten utterly (like the enigmatic Indus Valley script, which has been studied closely for more than half a century but has so far resisted all attempts at decoding)? It must be obvious that in such circumstances a written / Page 287 / legacy to the future would be of no value at all, because nobody would be able to make sense of it.
What one would look for, therefore, would be a universal language, the kind of language that would be comprehensible to any technologically advanced society in any epoch, even a thousand or ten thousand years into the future. Such languages are few and far between, but mathematics is one of them - and the city of Teotihuacan may be the calling-card of a lost civilization written in the eternal language of mathematics.
Geodetic data, related to the exact positioning of fixed geographical points and to the shape and size of the earth, would also remain valid and recognizable for tens of thousands of years, and might be most conveniently expressed by means of cartography (or in the construction of giant geodetic monuments like the Great Pyramid of Egypt, as we shall see).
Another 'constant' in our solar system is the language of time: the great but regular intervals of time calibrated by the inch-worm creep of precessional motion. Now, or ten thousand years in the future, a message that prints out numbers like 72 or 2160 or 4320 or 25,920 should be instantly intelligible to any civilization that has evolved a modest talent for mathematics and the ability to detect and measure the almost imperceptible reverse wobble that the sun appears to make along the ecliptic against the background of the fixed stars..."

"What one would look for, therefore, would be a universal language, the kind of language that would be comprehensible to any technologically advanced society in any epoch, even a thousand or ten thousand years into the future. Such languages are few and far between, but mathematics is one of them"

 

"WRITTEN IN THE ETERNAL LANGUAGE OF MATHEMATICS"

 

 

The

FULCANELLI

Phenomenon

Kenneth Rayner Johnson 1980

The Praxis

Page 190

Theoretical physics has become more and more occult, cheerfully breaking every previously sacrosanct law of nature and leaning towards such supernatural concepts as holes in space, negative mass and time flowing backwards ... The greatest physicists ... have been groping towards a synthesis of physics and parapsychology.

- Arthur Koestler: The Roots of Coincidence, (Hutchinson, 1972.)

 

 

Middle Eastern Mythology

S. H. Hooke 1963

Middle Eastern Mythology

Recent Sumerian studies 5 have shown that the conception or a divine garden and of a state when sickness and death did not exist and wild animals did not prey on one another is to be found in Sumerian mythology. The description of this earthly Paradise is contained in the Sumerian poem which Dr Kramer has called the Epic of Emmerkar:

The land Dilmun is a pure place, the land Dilmun is a clean place

The land Dilmun is a clean place, the land Dilmun is a bright place

In Dilmun the raven uttered no cry,

The kite uttered not the cry of the kite,

The lion killed not,

The wolf snatched not the lamb,

Unknown was the kid-killing dog,

Unknown was the grain-devouring boar ...

The sick·eyed says not '1 am sick-eyed',

The sick-headed says not '1 am sick-headed',

Its (Dilmun's) old woman says not 'I am an old woman',

Its old man says not 'I am an old man',

Unbathed is the maid, no sparkling water is poured in the city,

Who crosses the river (of death?) utters no ...

The 'wailing priests walk not about him,

The singer utters no wail,

By the side of the city he utters no lament.

Later, in the Semitic editing of the Sumerian myths, Dilmun became the dwelling of the immortals, where Utnapishtim and his wife were allowed to live after the Flood (p. 49). It was apparently located at the mouth of the Persian Gulf.

According to the Sumerian myth the only thing which Dilmun lacked was fresh water; the god Enki (or Ea) ordered Utu, the sun-god, to 'bring up fresh water from the earth to water the garden. Here we may have the source of the / Page 115 / mysterious 'ed of which the Yahwist speaks as coming up from the ground to water the garden.

In the myth of Enki and Ninhursag it is related that the mother-goddess Ninhursag caused eight plants to grow in the garden of the gods. Enki desired to eat these plants and sent his messenger Isimud to fetch them. Enki ate them one by one, and Ninhursag in her rage pronounced the curse of death upon Enki. As the result of the curse eight of Enki's bodily organs were attacked by disease and he was at the point of death. The great gods were in dismay and Enlil was powerless to help. Ninhursag was induced to return and deal with the situation. She created eight goddesses of healing who proceeded to heal each of the diseased parts of Enki's body. One of these parts was the god's rib, and the goddess who was created to deal with the rib was named Ninti, which means 'the lady of the rib'. But the Sumerian word ti has the double meaning of 'life' as well as ' rib', so that Ninti could also mean 'the lady of life'. We have seen that in the Hebrew myth the woman who was fashioned from Adam's rib was named by him Hawwah, meaning 'Life'. Hence one of the most curious features of the Hebrew myth of Paradise clearly has its origin in this somewhat crude Sumerian myth.

Other elements in the Yahwist's form of the Paradise myth have striking parallels in various Akkadian myths. The importance of the possession of knowledge, which is always magical knowledge, is a recurring theme. We have seen that the myth of Adapa and the Gilgamesh Epic are both concerned with the search for immortality and the problem of death and the existence of disease. These and other examples which we have cited will serve to illustrate the point that the Akkadian myths were concerned with the themes which appear in the Yahwist's Paradise story.

 

 

QUO VADIS

 

Quo vadis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Quo vadis? is a Latin phrase meaning "Where are you going?" or "Whither goest thou?". The modern usage of the phrase refers to a legend in Christian ... en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quo_vadis

Quo vadis? is a Latin phrase meaning "Where are you going?" or "Whither goest thou?". The modern usage of the phrase refers to a legend in Christian tradition, related in the apocryphal Acts of Peter (Vercelli Acts XXXV), in which Saint Peter meets Jesus as Peter is fleeing from likely crucifixion in Rome. Peter asks Jesus the question; Jesus' answer, "I am going to Rome to be crucified again" (Eo Romam iterum crucifigi), prompts Peter to gain the courage to continue his ministry and eventually become a martyr.

The phrase also occurs a few times in the Vulgate translation of the Bible, notably including the occurrence in John 13:36 in which Peter also asks the question of Jesus, after the latter announces he is going to where his followers cannot come.

 

 

7
WHITHER
91
46
1
5
GOEST
66
21
3
4
THOU
64
19
1
16
-
221
86
5
1+6
-
2+2+1
8+6
-
7
-
5
14
5
-
-
-
1+4
-
7
-
5
5
5

 

 

Quo Vadis. I fled by night and in the grey of dawn met on the lonely way a man I knew but could not name. He said “Good morning”, I the same ...
rtnl.org.uk/now_and_then/html/242.html

 

Quo Vadis
I fled by night and in the grey
of dawn met on the lonely way
a man I knew but could not name.
He said “Good morning”, I the same
and asked if he was going far.
He said “As far as Golgotha.”
And then I knew and the cock crew.

 

Quo vadis is a Latin phrase meaning "Where are you going?" It is used as a proverbial phrase from the Bible (John 13:36, 16:5). ... en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quo_Vadis -

 

 

HOLY BIBLE

Scofield References

C 1 V 16

THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES

Page 1148 (Part quoted)

"MEN AND BRETHREN THIS SCRIPTURE MUST NEEDS HAVE BEEN FULFILLED

WHICH THE HOLY GHOST BY THE MOUTH OF DAVID SPAKE"

 

 

3
THE
33
15
6
4
STAR
58
13
4
2
OF
21
12
3
5
DAVID
40
22
4
14
Add to Reduce
152
62
17
1+4
Reduce to Deduce
1+5+2
6+2
1+7
5
Essence of Number
8
8
8

 

 

CHEIRO'S BOOK OF NUMBERS

Circa 1926

Page106
"Shakespeare, that Prince of Philosophers, whose thoughts will adorn English literature for all time, laid down the well-known axiom: There is a tide in the affairs of men which if taken at the flood, leads on to fortune." The question has been asked again and again, Is there some means of knowing when the moment has come to take the tide at the flood?
My answer to this question is that the Great Architect of the Universe in His Infinite Wisdom so created all things in such harmony of design that He endowed the human mind with some part of that omnipotent knowledge which is the attribute of the Divine Mind as the Creator of all.

The question has been asked again and again, Is there some means of knowing when the moment has come to take the tide at the flood?

 

 

 THE

QUESTION

HAS BEEN ASKED AGAIN AND AGAIN

IS THERE SOME MEANS OF KNOWING WHEN THE MOMENT HAS COME TO TAKE

THE TIDE AT THE

FLOOD

 

 

8
QUO VADIS
108
36
9
6
VOX POP
108
36
9
11
SORROW
108
36
9
8
INSTINCT
108
36
9
11
DESCENDANTS
108
36
9
8
STARTING
108
36
9
9
NARRATIVE
108
36
9
9
SEQUENCES
108
36
9
9
COMPLETES
108
36
9
9
AMBIGUOUS
108
36
9
7
JOURNEY
108
36
9

 

 

KEEPER OF GENESIS

A QUEST FOR THE HIDDEN LEGACY OF MANKIND

Robert Bauval Graham Hancock 1996

Page 254

"...Is there in any sense an interstellar Rosetta Stone?

We believe there is a common language that all technical civilizations, no matter how different, must have.

That common language is science and mathematics.

The laws of Nature are the same everywhere:..."

 

 

THE LURE AND ROMANCE OF ALCHEMY.

A history of the secret link between magic and science

1990
C. J. S.Thompson

Page# 31 / 32

note 1 Julius Ruska ,Tabula Smaragdini 1926

"THE EMERALD TABLE OF HERMES: "

"True it is, without falsehood certain most true.That which is
above is like to that which is below, and that which is below is like
to that which is above, to accomplish the miracles of one thing.
And as in all things whereby contemplation of one, so in all things
arose from this one thing by a single act of adoption.
The father thereof is the Sun the mother the Moon.
The wind carried it in its womb,the earth is the source thereof.
It is the father of all works throughout the world.
The power thereof is perfect.
If it be cast on to earth, it will separate the element of earth
from that of fire, the subtle from the gross.
With great sagacity it doth ascend gently from earth to heaven.
Again it doth descend to earth and uniteth in itself from
things superior and things inferior.
Thus thou wilt possess the brightness of the world, and all
obscurity will fly far from thee.
This thing is the strong fortitude of all strength, for it over-
cometh every subtle thing and doth penetrate every solid substance.
Thus was this world created.
Hence will there be marvellous adaptations achieved of which
the manner is this.
For this reason I am called Hermes Trismegistus because I hold
three parts of the wisdom of the whole world.
That which I had to say about the operation of Sol is completed."

 

 

Freiheit - Keeping The Dream Alive lyrics. From the Original Motion Picture ... In my fantasy I remember their faces The hopes we had were much too high ... www.lyricsmode.com/lyrics/f/freiheit/keeping_the_dream_alive.html


Tonight the rain is falling
Full of memories of people and places
And while the past is calling
In my fantasy I remember their faces

The hopes we had were much too high
Way out of reach but we have to try
The game will never be over
Because we're keeping the dream alive

I hear myself recalling
Things you said to me
The night it all started
And still the rain is falling
Makes me feel the way
I felt when we parted

The hopes we had were much too high
Way out of reach but we have to try
No need to hide no need to run
'Cause all the answers come one by one
The game will never be over
Because we're keeping the dream alive

I need you
I love you

The game will never be over
Because we're keeping the dream alive

The hopes we had were much too high
Way out of reach but we have to try
No need to hide no need to run
'Cause all the answers come one by one

The hopes we had were much too high
Way out of reach but we have to try
No need to hide no need to run
'Cause all the answers come one by one

The game will never be over
Because we're keeping the dream alive

The game will never be over
Because we're keeping the dream alive

The game will never be over

Mmm mmm mmm mmm mmm mmm mmm mmm mmm.

 

 

I

SAY

IS THIS THE OTHER SIDE OF THE GREAT DIVIDE

?

NO ITS OVER THERE

I

HAVE JUST BEEN OVER THERE AND THEY SAID ITS OVER HERE

 

 

Did Spacemen Colonise the Earth?

Robin Collyns 1974

Page 206

"FINIS"

 

 

THE MAGIC MOUNTAIN

Thomas Mann 1924

THE THUNDERBOLT

Page 715

"There is our friend, there is Hans Castorp! We recognize him at a distance, by the little beard he assumed 'while sitting at the " bad" Russian table. Like all the others, he is wet through and glowing. He is running, his feet heavy with mould, the bayonet swinging in his, hand. Look! He treads on the hand of a fallen comrade; with his hobnailed boot he treads the hand deep into the slimy, branch-strewn ground. But it is he. What, singing? As one sings, unaware, staring stark ahead, yes, thus. he spends his hurrying breath, to sing half soundlessly:

"And loving words I've carven
Upon its branches fair-"

He stumbles, No, he has flung himself down, a hell-hound is coming howling, a huge explosive shell, a disgusting sugar-loaf from the infernal regions. He lies with his face in the cool mire, legs. sprawled out, feet twisted, heels turned down. The product of a perverted science, laden with death, slopes earthward thirty paces in front of him and buries its nose in the ground; explodes inside there, with hideous expense of power, and raises up a fountain high as a house, of mud, fire, iron, molten metal, scattered fragments of humanity. Where it fell, two youths had lain, friends who in their need flung themselves down together - now they are scattered, commingled and gone.
Shame of our shadow-safety! Away! No more!-But our friend? Was he hit? He thought so, for the moment. A great clod of earth struck him on the shin, it hurt, but he smiles at it. Up he gets, and staggers on, limping on his earth-bound feet, all unconsciously singing:

"Its waving branches whiispered
A message in my ear -"

and thus, in the tumult, in the rain, in the dusk, vanishes out of our sight.
Farewell, honest Hans Castorp, farewell, Life's delicate child!
Your tale is told. We have told it to the end, and it was neither short nor long, but hermetic. We have told it for its own sake, not for yours, for you were simple. But after all, it was your story, it befell you, you must have more in you than we thought; we will not disclaim the pedagogic weakness we conceived for / Page 716 / you in the telling; which could even lead us to press a finger delicately to our eyes at the thought that we shall see you no more, hear you no more for ever.
Farewell - and if thou livest or diest! Thy prospects are poor. The desperate dance, in which thy fortunes are caught up, will last yet many a sinful year; we should not care to set a high stake on thy life by the time it ends. We even confess that it is without great concern we leave the question open. Adventures of the flesh and in the spirit, while enhancing thy simplicity, granted thee to know in the spirit what in the flesh thou scarcely couldst have done. Moments there were, when out of death, and the rebellion of the flesh, there came to thee, as thou tookest stock of thyself, a dream of love. Out of this universal feast of death, out of this extremity of fever, kindling. the rain-washed evening sky to a fiery glow, may it be that Love one day shall mount?

FINIS OPERIS

 
 
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